योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-26

अप्सरा उवाच ।
वृत्तान्तः कोऽभवत्तत्र कथयस्व मम प्रभो ।
प्रष्टुकामा विनीतास्मि नोद्वेगं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥ २६ ॥

apsarā uvāca ,
vṛttāntaḥ ko'bhavattatra kathayasva mama prabho ,
praṣṭukāmā vinītāsmi nodvegaṃ kartumarhasi 26

26. apsarā uvāca vṛttāntaḥ kaḥ abhavat tatra kathayasva mama
prabho praṣṭukāmā vinītā asmi na udvegum kartum arhasi

26. The Apsara said: 'My lord, what news transpired there? Please tell me. I am humble and wish to ask, so please do not feel troubled (udvega) by my request.'

Words meanings summery:

• अप्सरा (apsarā) - The celestial nymph (Apsara (celestial nymph))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वृत्तान्तः (vṛttāntaḥ) - the news or report of what happened (account, news, event)

• कः (kaḥ) - what kind of (who, what)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became, happened

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• कथयस्व (kathayasva) - please tell me (tell, relate (imperative))

• मम (mama) - to me (dative sense with imperative) (my, of me)

• प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

• प्रष्टुकामा (praṣṭukāmā) - I am desirous to ask (desirous of asking)

• विनीता (vinītā) - humble, polite (humble, modest, trained, well-behaved)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• न (na) - not, no

• उद्वेगुम् (udvegum) - trouble, agitation (caused by my request) (agitation, distress, anxiety)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to cause

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (not) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

अप्सरा (apsarā) - The celestial nymph (Apsara (celestial nymph))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apsaras

apsaras - Apsara, celestial nymph

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense (lit) of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

वृत्तान्तः (vṛttāntaḥ) - the news or report of what happened (account, news, event)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛttānta

vṛttānta - account, news, event, story, circumstances

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛtta+anta)

• vṛtta – happened, occurred; conduct, event
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt.
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• anta – end, limit, conclusion
  noun (masculine)

कः (kaḥ) - what kind of (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, interrogative pronoun

Note: Adjective to 'vṛttāntaḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

कथयस्व (kathayasva) - please tell me (tell, relate (imperative))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kath

From the denominative root kathaya (from kathā, story).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Reflexive/middle voice imperative often used in polite requests.

मम (mama) - to me (dative sense with imperative) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Used here with a dative sense 'to me' in connection with 'kathayasva'.

प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful; all-powerful

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रष्टुकामा (praṣṭukāmā) - I am desirous to ask (desirous of asking)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praṣṭukāma

praṣṭukāma - desirous of asking or questioning

Compound of praṣṭu (infinitive stem of pra-ch) and kāma (desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (praṣṭu+kāma)

• praṣṭu – to ask, to question (infinitive stem)
  indeclinable
  Infinitive stem
  From root pra-ch (praś) with suffix -tum (here in stem form).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: prach (class 6)
• kāma – desire, wish; desirous
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'I' (the Apsara).

विनीता (vinītā) - humble, polite (humble, modest, trained, well-behaved)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vinīta

vinīta - well-behaved, humble, modest, educated, trained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nī with upasarga vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'I' (the Apsara).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उद्वेगुम् (udvegum) - trouble, agitation (caused by my request) (agitation, distress, anxiety)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udvega

udvega - agitation, alarm, distress, fear, anxiety

From root vij with upasarga ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to cause

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tum.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should (not) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Used with an infinitive to express obligation or propriety.