योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-46

महर्षे त्वं विनीताय राज्ञेऽस्मै वीतरागिणे ।
नस्वर्गमिच्छते तत्त्वं प्रबोधय महामुने ॥ ४६ ॥

maharṣe tvaṃ vinītāya rājñe'smai vītarāgiṇe ,
nasvargamicchate tattvaṃ prabodhaya mahāmune 46

46. maharṣe tvam vinītāya rājñe asmai vītarāgiṇe
na svargam icchate tattvam prabodhaya mahāmune

46. O great sage (maharṣi), O great sage (mahāmuni), you enlighten this humble king, who is devoid of attachment and does not desire heaven, with the ultimate truth (tattva).

Words meanings summery:

• महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage Vālmīki (O great sage)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the sage Vālmīki) (you)

• विनीताय (vinītāya) - to this humble king (to the humble, to the disciplined)

• राज्ञे (rājñe) - to this king (to the king)

• अस्मै (asmai) - to this (king) (to this (one))

• वीतरागिणे (vītarāgiṇe) - to the king who is devoid of attachment (to one who is devoid of attachment)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial realm)

• इच्छते (icchate) - (to the one) who does not desire (heaven) (desiring, wishing for)

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the ultimate truth (tattva) (truth, reality, essence)

• प्रबोधय (prabodhaya) - enlighten (the king) (enlighten, awaken, instruct)

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage Vālmīki (O great sage)

Words meanings and morphology

महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage Vālmīki (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound of 'mahā' (great) + 'ṛṣi' (sage).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative address to Vālmīki.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the sage Vālmīki) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of 'prabodhaya'.

विनीताय (vinītāya) - to this humble king (to the humble, to the disciplined)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of vinīta

vinīta - humble, modest, disciplined, well-behaved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nī' (to lead) with prefix 'vi' (well) and suffix '-ta'.

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñe'.

राज्ञे (rājñe) - to this king (to the king)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Recipient of the instruction.

अस्मै (asmai) - to this (king) (to this (one))

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'rājñe'.

वीतरागिणे (vītarāgiṇe) - to the king who is devoid of attachment (to one who is devoid of attachment)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of vītarāgin

vītarāgin - dispassionate, free from worldly desires/attachment (rāga)

Compound 'vīta' (gone, P.P.P. of 'vi-i') + 'rāga' (attachment) + 'in' (possessing). Bahuvrihi compound: 'one whose attachment is gone'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vīta+rāga)

• vīta – gone, disappeared
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• rāga – attachment, passion, color
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root rañj (to color, be attached).
  Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñe'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'icchate'.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven (heaven, celestial realm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Object of 'icchate'.

इच्छते (icchate) - (to the one) who does not desire (heaven) (desiring, wishing for)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'iṣ' (to wish) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñe'.

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the ultimate truth (tattva) (truth, reality, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence (tattva)

Note: Direct object of 'prabodhaya'.

प्रबोधय (prabodhaya) - enlighten (the king) (enlighten, awaken, instruct)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prabodhaya

Causal stem

Causal stem from root 'budh' (to awaken/know) with prefix 'pra' (forth/intensely).

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 1)

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage Vālmīki (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound of 'mahā' (great) + 'muni' (sage).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic, silent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative address to Vālmīki.