योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-1, verse-15

न धनेन भवेन्मोक्षः कर्मणा प्रजया न वा ।
त्यागमात्रेण किंत्वेके यतयोऽश्नन्ति चामृतम् ॥ १५ ॥

na dhanena bhavenmokṣaḥ karmaṇā prajayā na vā ,
tyāgamātreṇa kiṃtveke yatayo'śnanti cāmṛtam 15

15. na dhanena bhavet mokṣaḥ karmaṇā prajayā na vā |
tyāga-mātreṇa kintu eke yatayaḥ aśnanti ca amṛtam ||

15. Final liberation (mokṣa) is not achieved by wealth, nor by action (karma), nor by progeny. However, some ascetics (yati) attain immortality (amṛta) merely through renunciation.

15. 'שחרור אינו מושג על ידי עושר, לא על ידי פעולה ולא על ידי צאצאים. אך ישנם נזירים שאוכלים מנקטר האלמוות אך ורק באמצעות נטישה וויתור'.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth, by riches

• भवेत् (bhavet) - is achieved, occurs (may there be, it might be, should be)

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma) (by action, by deed)

• प्रजया (prajayā) - by progeny, by offspring

• न (na) - not, nor

• वा (vā) - or, either

• त्याग-मात्रेण (tyāga-mātreṇa) - merely by renunciation, by renunciation alone

• किन्तु (kintu) - but, however

• एके (eke) - some, certain ones

• यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (yati) (ascetics, renunciates, those who strive)

• अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they attain, they experience (they eat, they consume, they enjoy)

• च (ca) - and

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality (amṛta) (immortality, nectar, eternal bliss)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth, by riches

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Root: dhā (class 3)

भवेत् (bhavet) - is achieved, occurs (may there be, it might be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

Root: bhū (class 1)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, salvation, freedom

From root 'muc' (to release) + suffix '-sa'

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action (karma) (by action, by deed)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, work

From root 'kṛ' (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रजया (prajayā) - by progeny, by offspring

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, creature

From root 'jan' (to be born) with prefix 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Repetition of 'na' for emphasis, 'nor'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: In conjunction with 'na' meaning 'nor'.

त्याग-मात्रेण (tyāga-mātreṇa) - merely by renunciation, by renunciation alone

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tyāgamātra

tyāgamātra - mere renunciation, only renunciation

Compound of 'tyāga' (renunciation) and 'mātra' (mere, only).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tyāga+mātra)

• tyāga – renunciation, abandonment, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tyaj' (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• mātra – mere, only, measure, quantity
  adjective (neuter)

किन्तु (kintu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

Conjunction, from 'kim' + 'tu'

एके (eke) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of eka

eka - one, single, certain, some

Note: Subject of 'aśnanti'.

यतयः (yatayaḥ) - ascetics (yati) (ascetics, renunciates, those who strive)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yati

yati - ascetic, renunciate, sage, one who has subdued senses, one who strives

From root 'yam' (to restrain)

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'eke'.

अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they attain, they experience (they eat, they consume, they enjoy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś

Present Tense

3rd person plural active present tense of root 'aś' (class 9)

Root: aś (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality (amṛta) (immortality, nectar, eternal bliss)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, immortality, nectar of immortality, eternal bliss

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'mṛta' (dead, mortal). Not dead, hence immortal.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• mṛta – dead, deceased
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'mṛ' (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'aśnanti'.

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