मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-74, verse-7
ग्रीष्मे पञ्चतमा भूत्वा वर्षास्वभ्रावकाशिकः ।
जलशायी च शिशिरे निराहारो यतव्रतः ॥७॥
जलशायी च शिशिरे निराहारो यतव्रतः ॥७॥
7. grīṣme pañcatamā bhūtvā varṣāsvabhrāvakāśikaḥ .
jalaśāyī ca śiśire nirāhāro yatavrataḥ.
jalaśāyī ca śiśire nirāhāro yatavrataḥ.
7.
grīṣme pañcatapāḥ bhūtvā varṣāsu abhrāvakāśikaḥ
jalaśāyī ca śiśire nirāhāraḥ yatavrataḥ
jalaśāyī ca śiśire nirāhāraḥ yatavrataḥ
7.
In summer, he performed the austerity (tapas) of five fires; in the rainy season, he remained in the open air under the clouds; and in winter, he slept in water, fasting and maintaining strict vows.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer, during the hot season
- पञ्चतपाः (pañcatapāḥ) - one performing the five-fire austerity
- भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being
- वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy seasons, during the rains
- अभ्रावकाशिकः (abhrāvakāśikaḥ) - one staying in the open air, under the clouds
- जलशायी (jalaśāyī) - one sleeping in water
- च (ca) - and, also
- शिशिरे (śiśire) - in winter, in the cool season
- निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, fasting, abstaining from food
- यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - one with controlled vows, disciplined in his observances
Words meanings and morphology
ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer, during the hot season
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of grīṣma
grīṣma - summer, hot season
पञ्चतपाः (pañcatapāḥ) - one performing the five-fire austerity
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcatapas
pañcatapas - five fires, one who practices the five-fire austerity (surrounded by four fires and the sun above)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pañcan+tapas)
- pañcan – five
numeral - tapas – austerity, heat, fire
noun (neuter)
Root: tap (class 1)
भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form from root 'bhū'
Root: bhū (class 1)
वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy seasons, during the rains
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of varṣā
varṣā - rain, rainy season, year
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
अभ्रावकाशिकः (abhrāvakāśikaḥ) - one staying in the open air, under the clouds
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhrāvakāśika
abhrāvakāśika - one who stays in the open air, exposed to the sky/clouds
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (abhra+avakāśa)
- abhra – cloud, sky
noun (neuter) - avakāśa – open space, opportunity, interval
noun (masculine)
From root 'kāś' with prefix 'ava'
Prefix: ava
Root: kāś (class 1)
जलशायी (jalaśāyī) - one sleeping in water
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jalaśāyin
jalaśāyin - sleeping in water, lying in water
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+śāyin)
- jala – water
noun (neuter) - śāyin – sleeping, lying down, resting
adjective
Agent noun/Adjective from root 'śī'
Derived from root 'śī' (to lie down, sleep) with suffix -in
Root: śī (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
शिशिरे (śiśire) - in winter, in the cool season
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śiśira
śiśira - cool, cold, winter, cool season
निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, fasting, abstaining from food
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāhāra
nirāhāra - without food, fasting, abstinent
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)
- nis – out, forth, without, negation
indeclinable - āhāra – food, eating, taking, collecting
noun (masculine)
From root 'hṛ' (to take) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - one with controlled vows, disciplined in his observances
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yatavrata
yatavrata - one whose vows are controlled, disciplined, devout
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+vrata)
- yata – controlled, restrained, subdued
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'yam' (to control, restrain)
Root: yam (class 1) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
noun (neuter)