मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-74, verse-49
ततः स तामसस्तेन पित्रा संवर्धितो वने ।
जातबुद्धिरुवाचेदं पितरं मुनिसत्तम ॥४९॥
जातबुद्धिरुवाचेदं पितरं मुनिसत्तम ॥४९॥
49. tataḥ sa tāmasastena pitrā saṃvardhito vane .
jātabuddhiruvācedaṃ pitaraṃ munisattama.
jātabuddhiruvācedaṃ pitaraṃ munisattama.
49.
tataḥ saḥ tāmasaḥ tena pitrā saṃvardhitaḥ vane
jātabuddhiḥ uvāca idam pitaram munisattama
jātabuddhiḥ uvāca idam pitaram munisattama
49.
Then, O best of sages, that Tamasa, having been raised by that father in the forest and having attained understanding, said this to his father.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
- सः (saḥ) - he, that one
- तामसः (tāmasaḥ) - The proper name of the son (Tamasa)
- तेन (tena) - by that father (by that)
- पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father
- संवर्धितः (saṁvardhitaḥ) - raised, brought up, nourished
- वने (vane) - in the forest
- जातबुद्धिः (jātabuddhiḥ) - having developed intelligence, having attained understanding
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- इदम् (idam) - this statement or these words (this)
- पितरम् (pitaram) - to the father
- मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - O best of sages
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
(indeclinable)
Indeclinable (adverb) indicating sequence or origin
सः (saḥ) - he, that one
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - he, that, it
Demonstrative pronoun
Note: Refers to Tamasa
तामसः (tāmasaḥ) - The proper name of the son (Tamasa)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tāmasa
tāmasa - relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, also a proper name
Derived from tamas (darkness, ignorance)
तेन (tena) - by that father (by that)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
Note: Agrees with pitrā
पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, parent
Note: Indicates the agent of saṃvardhitaḥ
संवर्धितः (saṁvardhitaḥ) - raised, brought up, nourished
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvardhita
saṁvardhita - raised, nourished, grown, increased, perfected
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root vṛdh- (to grow, increase) with prefix sam-
Prefix: sam
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
Note: Agrees with saḥ (Tamasa)
वने (vane) - in the forest
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket
Note: Indicates the location of being raised
जातबुद्धिः (jātabuddhiḥ) - having developed intelligence, having attained understanding
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jātabuddhi
jātabuddhi - one whose intelligence is born/developed, intelligent
Bahuvrihi compound: 'one for whom intelligence (buddhi) is born (jāta)'
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (jāta+buddhi)
- jāta – born, produced, arisen
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root jan- (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4) - buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception, reason
noun (feminine)
Derived from the root budh- (to know, perceive)
Root: budh (class 1)
Note: Agrees with saḥ (Tamasa)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Active
Third person singular, from the root vac- (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
इदम् (idam) - this statement or these words (this)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of idas
idas - this, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun
Note: Object of uvāca
पितरम् (pitaram) - to the father
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, parent
Note: Recipient of the speech, functions as a dative
मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - O best of sages
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of munisattama
munisattama - best of sages, most excellent ascetic
Compound noun, 'sattama' is a superlative suffix
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)
- muni – sage, ascetic, seer
noun (masculine) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective
Superlative suffix added to 'sat' (good, existing)