मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-74, verse-13
विस्तारि पङ्कमत्यर्थं दुस्तरं स नृपस्तरन् ।
तथैव कृष्यमाणोऽन्यद्रम्यं वनमवाप सः ॥१३॥
तथैव कृष्यमाणोऽन्यद्रम्यं वनमवाप सः ॥१३॥
13. vistāri paṅkamatyarthaṃ dustaraṃ sa nṛpastaran .
tathaiva kṛṣyamāṇo'nyadramyaṃ vanamavāpa saḥ.
tathaiva kṛṣyamāṇo'nyadramyaṃ vanamavāpa saḥ.
13.
vistāri paṅkam atyartham dustaram saḥ nṛpaḥ taran
tathā eva kṛṣyamāṇaḥ anyat ramyam vanam avāpa saḥ
tathā eva kṛṣyamāṇaḥ anyat ramyam vanam avāpa saḥ
13.
That king, as he crossed the vast, exceedingly difficult-to-traverse mud, was still being dragged along, and in this manner, he reached another beautiful forest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विस्तारि (vistāri) - vast (vast, extensive, wide)
- पङ्कम् (paṅkam) - mud (mud, mire, swamp)
- अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, excessively)
- दुस्तरम् (dustaram) - difficult to traverse (difficult to cross, impassable)
- सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king
- तरन् (taran) - crossing (the mud) (crossing, swimming over)
- तथा (tathā) - in this manner (so, thus, in that manner)
- एव (eva) - exactly, in the same way (reinforces 'tathā') (indeed, only, just, exactly)
- कृष्यमाणः (kṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - being dragged along (being dragged, being pulled, being cultivated)
- अन्यत् (anyat) - another (another, other)
- रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful (beautiful, delightful, charming)
- वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood, grove)
- अवाप (avāpa) - reached (reached, obtained, attained)
- सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
Words meanings and morphology
विस्तारि (vistāri) - vast (vast, extensive, wide)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vistārin
vistārin - extensive, vast, wide, spreading
Prefix: vi
Root: stṛ (class 5)
Note: Qualifies 'paṅkam'.
पङ्कम् (paṅkam) - mud (mud, mire, swamp)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of paṅka
paṅka - mud, mire, dirt, swamp
Note: Object of the action 'crossing'.
अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, excessively)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+artha)
- ati – excessive, beyond
indeclinable
prefix - artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
noun (masculine)
Note: Modifies the adjective 'dustaram'.
दुस्तरम् (dustaram) - difficult to traverse (difficult to cross, impassable)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dustara
dustara - difficult to cross, impassable, hard to overcome
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Derived from 'dur' (difficult) and root 'tṛ' (to cross)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+tara)
- dus – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
prefix - tara – crossing, passing over
noun (masculine)
Root: tṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'paṅkam'.
सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, protector of men
Note: Subject of the sentence.
तरन् (taran) - crossing (the mud) (crossing, swimming over)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tarat
tarat - crossing, swimming, passing over
Present Active Participle
From root 'tṛ' (to cross)
Root: tṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'nṛpaḥ'.
तथा (tathā) - in this manner (so, thus, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Often combined with 'eva'.
एव (eva) - exactly, in the same way (reinforces 'tathā') (indeed, only, just, exactly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used to emphasize or intensify.
कृष्यमाणः (kṛṣyamāṇaḥ) - being dragged along (being dragged, being pulled, being cultivated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣyamāṇa
kṛṣyamāṇa - being dragged, being pulled, being drawn
Present Passive Participle
From root 'kṛṣ' (to drag, pull)
Root: kṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'. Indicates continuous action.
अन्यत् (anyat) - another (another, other)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anya
anya - other, another
Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.
रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful (beautiful, delightful, charming)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ramya
ramya - beautiful, delightful, charming, pleasant
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Derived from root 'ram' (to delight, enjoy)
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.
वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood, grove)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket
Note: Object of 'avāpa'.
अवाप (avāpa) - reached (reached, obtained, attained)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ava-āp
Imperfect 3rd Singular
Prefix: ava
Root: āp (class 5)
सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the king. Appears redundant but common for emphasis in Sanskrit.