मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-74, verse-5
तं वीर्यहीनं निभृतैर्भृत्यैस्त्यक्तं सुदुः खितम् ।
अनन्तरो विमर्दाख्यो राज्याच्च्यावितवांस्तदा ॥५॥
अनन्तरो विमर्दाख्यो राज्याच्च्यावितवांस्तदा ॥५॥
5. taṃ vīryahīnaṃ nibhṛtairbhṛtyaistyaktaṃ suduḥ khitam .
anantaro vimardākhyo rājyāccyāvitavāṃstadā.
anantaro vimardākhyo rājyāccyāvitavāṃstadā.
5.
tam vīryahīnam nibhṛtaiḥ bhṛtyaiḥ tyaktam sudurkhitam
anantaraḥ vimardākhyaḥ rājyāt cyāvitavān tadā
anantaraḥ vimardākhyaḥ rājyāt cyāvitavān tadā
5.
Then, his immediate successor, named Vimarda, deposed him—who was by then devoid of vital energy, secretly abandoned by his servants, and greatly distressed—from his kingdom.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)
- वीर्यहीनम् (vīryahīnam) - devoid of vital energy (devoid of strength, without virility, powerless)
- निभृतैः (nibhṛtaiḥ) - by the secretly (acting) servants (by the secretly acting, by the stealthy)
- भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants
- त्यक्तम् (tyaktam) - abandoned, forsaken, left
- सुदुर्खितम् (sudurkhitam) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful, extremely miserable
- अनन्तरः (anantaraḥ) - the next, the immediate successor
- विमर्दाख्यः (vimardākhyaḥ) - named Vimarda, known as Vimarda
- राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom
- च्यावितवान् (cyāvitavān) - he caused to be removed, he deposed
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
Words meanings and morphology
तम् (tam) - him (the king) (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of `cyāvitavān`.
वीर्यहीनम् (vīryahīnam) - devoid of vital energy (devoid of strength, without virility, powerless)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vīryahīna
vīryahīna - devoid of strength, without virility
Compound type : tatpurusha (vīrya+hīna)
- vīrya – strength, vigor, virility, energy
noun (neuter)
Root: vīr - hīna – deprived of, devoid of
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root hā (to abandon, lose)
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies `tam`.
निभृतैः (nibhṛtaiḥ) - by the secretly (acting) servants (by the secretly acting, by the stealthy)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of nibhṛta
nibhṛta - secret, hidden, quiet, stealthy
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, carry) with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Qualifies `bhṛtyaiḥ`.
भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya
bhṛtya - servant, dependent
Gerundive
Derived from root bhṛ
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
Note: Agent of `tyaktam`.
त्यक्तम् (tyaktam) - abandoned, forsaken, left
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tyakta
tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, left
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root tyaj with suffix -kta
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Qualifies `tam`.
सुदुर्खितम् (sudurkhitam) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful, extremely miserable
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sudurkhita
sudurkhita - very distressed, greatly sorrowful
Compound type : tatpurusha (su+duḥkhita)
- su – very, excellent
indeclinable - duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root duḥkh (to suffer)
Root: duḥkh (class 10)
Note: Qualifies `tam`.
अनन्तरः (anantaraḥ) - the next, the immediate successor
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anantara
anantara - next, immediate, having no interval
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+antara)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - antara – interval, difference, other
noun (neuter)
Note: Subject of `cyāvitavān`.
विमर्दाख्यः (vimardākhyaḥ) - named Vimarda, known as Vimarda
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vimardākhya
vimardākhya - named Vimarda
Compound type : tatpurusha (vimarda+ākhya)
- vimarda – Vimarda (proper name)
proper noun (masculine)
Prefix: vi
Root: mṛd (class 9) - ākhya – named, called
adjective
Gerundive
Derived from root khyā with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: khyā (class 2)
Note: Qualifies `anantaraḥ`.
राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, sovereignty
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Source from which he was deposed.
च्यावितवान् (cyāvitavān) - he caused to be removed, he deposed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of cyāvitavat
cyāvitavat - causing to fall/move/depose
Past Active Participle (Causative)
Derived from causative of root cyu (to move, fall) with suffix -tavat
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Functions as a finite verb in narrative.
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of time.