मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-57, verse-63
अपि मानुष्यमाप्स्यामो देवत्वात् प्रच्युताः क्षितौ ।
मनुष्यः कुरुते तत्तु यन्न शक्यं सुरासुरैः ॥६३॥
मनुष्यः कुरुते तत्तु यन्न शक्यं सुरासुरैः ॥६३॥
63. api mānuṣyamāpsyāmo devatvāt pracyutāḥ kṣitau .
manuṣyaḥ kurute tattu yanna śakyaṃ surāsuraiḥ.
manuṣyaḥ kurute tattu yanna śakyaṃ surāsuraiḥ.
63.
api mānuṣyam āpsyāmaḥ devatvāt pracyutāḥ kṣitau
manuṣyaḥ kurute tat tu yat na śakyam surāsuraiḥ
manuṣyaḥ kurute tat tu yat na śakyam surāsuraiḥ
63.
"Will we too attain human birth (mānuṣya), having fallen from our divine status (devatva) onto the earth?" A human (manuṣya) indeed performs that which is impossible for both gods and demons.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अपि (api) - "Will (we) also..." - used as an interrogative particle here. (even, also, will (question particle))
- मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human birth or the human condition (humanity, human state, human birth)
- आप्स्यामः (āpsyāmaḥ) - we shall obtain, we will reach
- देवत्वात् (devatvāt) - from godhood, from divine status
- प्रच्युताः (pracyutāḥ) - Having fallen or been deprived of (divine status) (fallen, deviated, deprived of)
- क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the earth (planet) (on the earth, in the ground)
- मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - A human being (implying the unique capacity of humans). (human being, man)
- कुरुते (kurute) - performs (actions) (does, makes, performs)
- तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)
- तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the previous statement. (indeed, but, however)
- यत् (yat) - that which (which, what (relative pronoun))
- न (na) - not
- शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable
- सुरासुरैः (surāsuraiḥ) - by gods and demons
Words meanings and morphology
अपि (api) - "Will (we) also..." - used as an interrogative particle here. (even, also, will (question particle))
(indeclinable)
मानुष्यम् (mānuṣyam) - human birth or the human condition (humanity, human state, human birth)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mānuṣya
mānuṣya - humanity, human state, human nature, human birth
Derived from manuṣya (human) + -ya (suffix forming abstract nouns)
आप्स्यामः (āpsyāmaḥ) - we shall obtain, we will reach
(verb)
1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of āp
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: The `sya` suffix indicates future tense.
देवत्वात् (devatvāt) - from godhood, from divine status
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of devatva
devatva - divinity, godhood, divine status
Derived from deva (god) + -tva (suffix forming abstract nouns)
प्रच्युताः (pracyutāḥ) - Having fallen or been deprived of (divine status) (fallen, deviated, deprived of)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pracyuta
pracyuta - fallen, dropped, deviated, deprived of
Past Passive Participle
Derived from pra-cyu (to fall down, drop)
Prefix: pra
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Participle acting as an adjective.
क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the earth (planet) (on the earth, in the ground)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti
kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling place
मनुष्यः (manuṣyaḥ) - A human being (implying the unique capacity of humans). (human being, man)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of manuṣya
manuṣya - human being, man, mankind
कुरुते (kurute) - performs (actions) (does, makes, performs)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Also appears as 'karoti' (active voice).
तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to 'action' (karma) implicitly.
तु (tu) - indeed, emphasizing the previous statement. (indeed, but, however)
(indeclinable)
यत् (yat) - that which (which, what (relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya
śakya - possible, capable, able to be done
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Derived from root śak (to be able)
Root: śak (class 5)
सुरासुरैः (surāsuraiḥ) - by gods and demons
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of surāsura
surāsura - gods and demons
Itaretara dvandva compound of sura and asura.
Compound type : itaretara dvandva (sura+asura)
- sura – god, deity
noun (masculine) - asura – demon, anti-god
noun (masculine)
Negative prefix 'a-' + sura
Note: Used to express the agent of śakyam (possible).