मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-57, verse-56
अतो देशान् प्रवक्ष्यामि पर्वताश्रयिणश्च ये ।
नीहारा हंसमार्गाश्च कुरवो गुर्गणाः खसाः ॥५६॥
नीहारा हंसमार्गाश्च कुरवो गुर्गणाः खसाः ॥५६॥
56. ato deśān pravakṣyāmi parvatāśrayiṇaśca ye .
nīhārā haṃsamārgāśca kuravo gurgaṇāḥ khasāḥ.
nīhārā haṃsamārgāśca kuravo gurgaṇāḥ khasāḥ.
56.
ataḥ deśān pravakṣyāmi parvatāśrayiṇaḥ ca ye
nīhārāḥ haṃsamārgāḥ ca kuravaḥ gurgaṇāḥ khasāḥ
nīhārāḥ haṃsamārgāḥ ca kuravaḥ gurgaṇāḥ khasāḥ
56.
Henceforth, I will declare the countries and those peoples who reside in the mountains: the Niharās, the Hamsamargas, the Kurus, the Gurganas, and the Khasas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अतः (ataḥ) - henceforth, therefore (therefore, hence, from this)
- देशान् (deśān) - countries or regions (countries, regions)
- प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare (I will declare, I will speak)
- पर्वताश्रयिणः (parvatāśrayiṇaḥ) - those peoples who reside in the mountains (mountain dwellers, those who dwell in mountains)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- ये (ye) - who (referring to the peoples) (who, which)
- नीहाराः (nīhārāḥ) - A people or region. (The Niharās (a people or region))
- हंसमार्गाः (haṁsamārgāḥ) - A people or region. (The Hamsamargas (a people or region))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - A people or region, inhabitants of the ancient Kuru kingdom. (The Kurus (a people or region))
- गुर्गणाः (gurgaṇāḥ) - A people or region. (The Gurganas (a people or region))
- खसाः (khasāḥ) - A people or region, typically associated with Himalayan regions. (The Khasas (a people or region))
Words meanings and morphology
अतः (ataḥ) - henceforth, therefore (therefore, hence, from this)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial suffix -tas appended to idam (this).
देशान् (deśān) - countries or regions (countries, regions)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of deśa
deśa - place, region, country, district
Root: diś (class 6)
प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will declare (I will declare, I will speak)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac
Future active
From root √vac (to speak) with upasarga pra. 'Pravakṣyāmi' is the 1st person singular of the future tense (lṛṭ-lakāra).
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
पर्वताश्रयिणः (parvatāśrayiṇaḥ) - those peoples who reside in the mountains (mountain dwellers, those who dwell in mountains)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of parvatāśrayin
parvatāśrayin - dwelling in mountains, mountain dweller, an ascetic
Compound: parvata (mountain) + āśrayin (dependent on, dwelling in). 'āśrayin' is derived from ā + √śrī.
Compound type : tatpurusha (parvata+āśrayin)
- parvata – mountain, hill
noun (masculine) - āśrayin – dwelling in, resorting to, dependent on
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun / adjective
From upasarga ā + root √śrī (to resort to, depend on) + suffix -in.
Prefix: ā
Root: śrī (class 1)
Note: It is the subject of the implied verb 'are' (ye santi), referring to the peoples.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
ये (ye) - who (referring to the peoples) (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Relative pronoun.
नीहाराः (nīhārāḥ) - A people or region. (The Niharās (a people or region))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nīhāra
nīhāra - mist, fog; name of a people or region
हंसमार्गाः (haṁsamārgāḥ) - A people or region. (The Hamsamargas (a people or region))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of haṃsamārga
haṁsamārga - path of swans; name of a people or region
Compound: haṃsa (swan) + mārga (path). Here used as a proper noun.
Compound type : tatpurusha (haṃsa+mārga)
- haṃsa – swan, goose
noun (masculine) - mārga – path, road, way
noun (masculine)
From root √mṛg (to seek, hunt).
Root: mṛg (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - A people or region, inhabitants of the ancient Kuru kingdom. (The Kurus (a people or region))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru
kuru - name of an ancient people or kingdom
गुर्गणाः (gurgaṇāḥ) - A people or region. (The Gurganas (a people or region))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of gurgaṇa
gurgaṇa - name of a people or region
खसाः (khasāḥ) - A people or region, typically associated with Himalayan regions. (The Khasas (a people or region))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khasa
khasa - name of a people or region, mountainous tribes