मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-49, verse-63
तेन दोषेण ता नेशुरौषध्यो मिषतां द्विज ।
अग्रसद् भूर्युगपत्तास्तदौषध्यो महामते ॥६३॥
अग्रसद् भूर्युगपत्तास्तदौषध्यो महामते ॥६३॥
63. tena doṣeṇa tā neśurauṣadhyo miṣatāṃ dvija .
agrasad bhūryugapattāstadauṣadhyo mahāmate.
agrasad bhūryugapattāstadauṣadhyo mahāmate.
63.
tena doṣeṇa tāḥ naśuḥ auṣadhyaḥ miṣatām dvija
agrasat bhūḥ yugapat tāḥ tat auṣadhyaḥ mahāmate
agrasat bhūḥ yugapat tāḥ tat auṣadhyaḥ mahāmate
63.
O twice-born (dvija), due to that fault, those herbs perished even as they watched. O great-minded one, the Earth (bhūḥ) then simultaneously devoured all those very herbs.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तेन (tena) - by that (fault) (by that)
- दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by that fault (of over-consumption) (by fault, by defect)
- ताः (tāḥ) - those (herbs) (they (feminine))
- नशुः (naśuḥ) - perished (they perished, they were destroyed)
- औषध्यः (auṣadhyaḥ) - those herbs (herbs, medicinal plants)
- मिषताम् (miṣatām) - while they were watching/looking on (referring to dvija, or people in general) (of those seeing, while seeing)
- द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija), an address to a Brahmin or member of the upper three varnas. (O twice-born)
- अग्रसत् (agrasat) - swallowed (devoured, swallowed)
- भूः (bhūḥ) - the Earth (personified) (Earth)
- युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, all at once)
- ताः (tāḥ) - those (herbs) (them (feminine))
- तत् (tat) - those very (herbs) (that, those)
- औषध्यः (auṣadhyaḥ) - the herbs (herbs, medicinal plants)
- महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, an address to the listener. (O great-minded one)
Words meanings and morphology
तेन (tena) - by that (fault) (by that)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that
Note: Refers to 'doṣeṇa'.
दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by that fault (of over-consumption) (by fault, by defect)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of doṣa
doṣa - fault, defect, sin, error
ताः (tāḥ) - those (herbs) (they (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, she, they
Note: Subject of 'naśuḥ'.
नशुः (naśuḥ) - perished (they perished, they were destroyed)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of naś
aorist active
3rd person plural aorist active of root '√naś' (class 4)
Root: naś (class 4)
औषध्यः (auṣadhyaḥ) - those herbs (herbs, medicinal plants)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of auṣadhī
auṣadhī - herb, medicinal plant, annual plant
Note: Appositive to 'tāḥ' (they).
मिषताम् (miṣatām) - while they were watching/looking on (referring to dvija, or people in general) (of those seeing, while seeing)
(participle)
Genitive, masculine, plural of miṣat
miṣat - seeing, looking on, winking
present active participle
present active participle of root '√miṣ' (class 1)
Root: miṣ (class 1)
Note: The participle 'miṣatām' in genitive plural typically indicates a condition or concurrent action: "while they were looking on".
द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija), an address to a Brahmin or member of the upper three varnas. (O twice-born)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, or a bird, a tooth, a snake)
अग्रसत् (agrasat) - swallowed (devoured, swallowed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of gras
imperfect active
3rd person singular imperfect active of root '√gras' (class 1)
Root: gras (class 1)
भूः (bhūḥ) - the Earth (personified) (Earth)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bhū
bhū - earth, ground, land, world
Note: Subject of 'agrasat'.
युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously (simultaneously, all at once)
(indeclinable)
ताः (tāḥ) - those (herbs) (them (feminine))
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, she, they
Note: Object of 'agrasat'.
तत् (tat) - those very (herbs) (that, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Acts as a demonstrative adjective for 'auṣadhyaḥ'.
औषध्यः (auṣadhyaḥ) - the herbs (herbs, medicinal plants)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of auṣadhī
auṣadhī - herb, medicinal plant, annual plant
Note: In apposition to 'tāḥ', both objects of 'agrasat'.
महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, an address to the listener. (O great-minded one)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat
mahāmat - great-minded, intelligent, wise
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
noun (feminine)
Root: man