मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-49, verse-61
तेनौषधेन वर्तन्ते प्रजास्त्रेतायुगे मुने ।
रागलोभौ समासाद्य प्रजाश्चाकस्मिकौ तदा ॥६१॥
रागलोभौ समासाद्य प्रजाश्चाकस्मिकौ तदा ॥६१॥
61. tenauṣadhena vartante prajāstretāyuge mune .
rāgalobhau samāsādya prajāścākasmikau tadā.
rāgalobhau samāsādya prajāścākasmikau tadā.
61.
tena oṣadhena vartante prajāḥ tretāyuge mune
rāgalobhau samāsādya prajāḥ ca ākasmikau tadā
rāgalobhau samāsādya prajāḥ ca ākasmikau tadā
61.
O sage (muni), in the Tretā age, beings sustained themselves by means of that vegetation (oṣadha). Then, having acquired sudden attachment and greed, those beings...
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तेन (tena) - by that, with that
- ओषधेन (oṣadhena) - by the vegetation (by the plant, by the herb)
- वर्तन्ते (vartante) - they exist, they subsist, they live
- प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings, creatures, people
- त्रेतायुगे (tretāyuge) - in the Tretā age
- मुने (mune) - O sage
- रागलोभौ (rāgalobhau) - attachment and greed
- समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having acquired
- प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings, creatures, people
- च (ca) - and
- आकस्मिकौ (ākasmikau) - sudden, accidental, unexpected
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
Words meanings and morphology
तेन (tena) - by that, with that
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Agrees with 'oṣadhena' which is grammatically masculine but semantically refers to vegetation (neuter in some contexts).
ओषधेन (oṣadhena) - by the vegetation (by the plant, by the herb)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of oṣadha
oṣadha - plant, herb, medicine
वर्तन्ते (vartante) - they exist, they subsist, they live
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Root: vṛt (class 1)
प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings, creatures, people
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā
prajā - progeny, offspring, creature, people, subject
Root: jan (class 4)
त्रेतायुगे (tretāyuge) - in the Tretā age
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tretāyuga
tretāyuga - the Tretā Yuga, the second age of the world
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tretā+yuga)
- tretā – the second of the four yugas
proper noun (feminine) - yuga – age, epoch, era
noun (masculine)
मुने (mune) - O sage
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of muni
muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint
रागलोभौ (rāgalobhau) - attachment and greed
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of rāgalobha
rāgalobha - attachment and greed
Compound type : dvandva (rāga+lobha)
- rāga – attachment, affection, passion
noun (masculine)
Root: rañj (class 1) - lobha – greed, covetousness, avarice
noun (masculine)
Root: lubh (class 4)
समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having obtained, having reached, having acquired
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Derived from sam-ā-sad (1st class verb)
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: sad (class 1)
प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - beings, creatures, people
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā
prajā - progeny, offspring, creature, people, subject
Root: jan (class 4)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
आकस्मिकौ (ākasmikau) - sudden, accidental, unexpected
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of ākasmika
ākasmika - sudden, accidental, unexpected
Note: Agrees with 'rāgalobhau'.
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)