मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-49, verse-55
कृत्वा द्वन्द्वोपघातन्ते वार्तोपायमचिन्तयन् ।
नष्टेषु मधुना सार्धं कल्पवृक्षेष्वशेषतः ॥५५॥
नष्टेषु मधुना सार्धं कल्पवृक्षेष्वशेषतः ॥५५॥
55. kṛtvā dvandvopaghātante vārtopāyamacintayan .
naṣṭeṣu madhunā sārdhaṃ kalpavṛkṣeṣvaśeṣataḥ.
naṣṭeṣu madhunā sārdhaṃ kalpavṛkṣeṣvaśeṣataḥ.
55.
kṛtvā dvandva-upaghāta-ante vārtā-upāyam acintayan
naṣṭeṣu madhunā sārdham kalpavṛkṣeṣu aśeṣataḥ
naṣṭeṣu madhunā sārdham kalpavṛkṣeṣu aśeṣataḥ
55.
After the wish-fulfilling trees (kalpavṛkṣa), along with their sweet products (madhu), were completely destroyed, and when the period of ease from the afflictions of dualities (dvandvopaghāta) ended, people then contemplated means of livelihood.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having experienced or having brought about a state (having done, having made, having performed)
- द्वन्द्व-उपघात-अन्ते (dvandva-upaghāta-ante) - when the period of ease from the afflictions of dualities ended, i.e., when these afflictions became manifest. (at the end of the affliction by dualities (pairs of opposites like hunger/thirst, heat/cold))
- वार्तोपायम् (vārtopāyam) - means of livelihood, means of subsistence
- अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - they thought, they considered, they sought
- नष्टेषु (naṣṭeṣu) - when the trees were destroyed (when destroyed, among the destroyed)
- मधुना (madhunā) - with the sweet products (fruits, sap) of the trees (with honey, by honey, with sweet products)
- सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with
- कल्पवृक्षेषु (kalpavṛkṣeṣu) - when the kalpavṛkṣas were destroyed (in/among the wish-fulfilling trees, regarding the kalpavṛkṣas)
- अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
Words meanings and morphology
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having experienced or having brought about a state (having done, having made, having performed)
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Derived from root kṛ with suffix -tvā
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Acts as an absolutive, indicating a prior action/state.
द्वन्द्व-उपघात-अन्ते (dvandva-upaghāta-ante) - when the period of ease from the afflictions of dualities ended, i.e., when these afflictions became manifest. (at the end of the affliction by dualities (pairs of opposites like hunger/thirst, heat/cold))
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of dvandvopaghātānta
dvandvopaghātānta - the end of affliction by dualities
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvandva-upaghāta+anta)
- dvandva – pair, couple, duality (e.g., cold-heat, pleasure-pain)
noun (neuter) - upaghāta – injury, destruction, affliction, harm
noun (masculine)
Prefix: upa
Root: han (class 2) - anta – end, boundary, limit
noun (masculine)
Note: Compound used adverbially to indicate time/circumstance.
वार्तोपायम् (vārtopāyam) - means of livelihood, means of subsistence
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vārtopāya
vārtopāya - means of livelihood
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vārtā+upāya)
- vārtā – livelihood, news, profession
noun (feminine) - upāya – means, method, resource
noun (masculine)
Prefix: upa
Root: i (class 2)
अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - they thought, they considered, they sought
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of cint
Causative of cit; 10th class verb.
Root: cit (class 10)
Note: The augment 'a' indicates imperfect tense.
नष्टेषु (naṣṭeṣu) - when the trees were destroyed (when destroyed, among the destroyed)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of naṣṭa
naṣṭa - destroyed, lost, perished
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root naś (to perish) with suffix -ta
Root: naś (class 4)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with kalpavṛkṣeṣu.
मधुना (madhunā) - with the sweet products (fruits, sap) of the trees (with honey, by honey, with sweet products)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of madhu
madhu - honey, sweet, wine, spring season
सार्धम् (sārdham) - along with, together with
(indeclinable)
कल्पवृक्षेषु (kalpavṛkṣeṣu) - when the kalpavṛkṣas were destroyed (in/among the wish-fulfilling trees, regarding the kalpavṛkṣas)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of kalpavṛkṣa
kalpavṛkṣa - wish-fulfilling tree, mythical tree that grants all desires
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kalpa+vṛkṣa)
- kalpa – wish, intention, epoch, aeon
noun (masculine) - vṛkṣa – tree
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with naṣṭeṣu.
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
(indeclinable)
Derived from aśeṣa (without remainder) with suffix -tas.