महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-47, verse-46

ऋषयो विस्मयं जग्मुस्तां दृष्ट्वा चाप्यरुन्धतीम् ।
अश्रान्तां चाविवर्णां च क्षुत्पिपासासहां सतीम् ॥४६॥

46. ṛṣayo vismayaṁ jagmustāṁ dṛṣṭvā cāpyarundhatīm ,
aśrāntāṁ cāvivarṇāṁ ca kṣutpipāsāsahāṁ satīm.

46. ṛṣayaḥ vismayam jagmuḥ tām dṛṣṭvā ca api arundhatīm
aśrāntām ca avivarṇām ca kṣutpipāsāsahām satīm

46. ṛṣayaḥ tām arundhatīm ca api aśrāntām avivarṇām ca
kṣutpipāsāsahām satīm ca dṛṣṭvā vismayam jagmuḥ

46. The sages were amazed, having seen Arundhatī, who was unwearied, unchanged in complexion, and enduring hunger and thirst.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• विस्मयम् (vismayam) - wonder, amazement, astonishment

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they were filled with (wonder) (they went, reached)

• ताम् (tām) - Arundhatī (her, that one)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अरुन्धतीम् (arundhatīm) - Arundhatī

• अश्रान्ताम् (aśrāntām) - unwearied, untired

• च (ca) - and, also

• अविवर्णाम् (avivarṇām) - her complexion remained unchanged (unchanged in color, not discolored)

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षुत्पिपासासहाम् (kṣutpipāsāsahām) - enduring hunger and thirst

• सतीम् (satīm) - being in that state; referring to her as a virtuous woman (being, existing; a virtuous woman)

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

विस्मयम् (vismayam) - wonder, amazement, astonishment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - wonder, astonishment, surprise

from 'vi' + root 'smi' (to smile, wonder)

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they were filled with (wonder) (they went, reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect Tense

root 'gam' (1st class), 3rd person plural, active voice, perfect tense

Root: gam (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - Arundhatī (her, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-ktvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अरुन्धतीम् (arundhatīm) - Arundhatī

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arundhatī

arundhatī - Arundhatī (name of the wife of sage Vasiṣṭha, known for her devotion and chastity)

अश्रान्ताम् (aśrāntām) - unwearied, untired

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aśrānta

aśrānta - unwearied, not tired, indefatigable

Negative compound of Past Passive Participle

from 'a' (not) + 'śrānta' (wearied, from root 'śram')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śrānta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śrānta – wearied, tired, exhausted
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'śram' (to be weary)
  Root: śram (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अविवर्णाम् (avivarṇām) - her complexion remained unchanged (unchanged in color, not discolored)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avivarṇa

avivarṇa - not discolored, unchanged in color

Negative Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vivarṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vivarṇa – discolored, faded, pale
  adjective (feminine)
  from 'vi' (away) + 'varṇa' (color)
  Prefix: vi

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षुत्पिपासासहाम् (kṣutpipāsāsahām) - enduring hunger and thirst

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣutpipāsāsaha

kṣutpipāsāsaha - enduring hunger and thirst

Dvanda or Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣut+pipāsā+saha)

• kṣut – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• pipāsā – thirst, desire to drink
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  from desiderative of root 'pā' (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)
• saha – enduring, bearing, tolerant
  adjective (feminine)
  from root 'sah' (to endure)
  Root: sah (class 1)

सतीम् (satīm) - being in that state; referring to her as a virtuous woman (being, existing; a virtuous woman)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - being, existing; virtuous woman, chaste wife

Present Active Participle (feminine)

from root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)