महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-47, verse-39

उपसर्पस्व धर्मज्ञे यथापूर्वमिमानृषीन् ।
प्रीतोऽस्मि तव धर्मज्ञे तपसा नियमेन च ॥३९॥

39. upasarpasva dharmajñe yathāpūrvamimānṛṣīn ,
prīto'smi tava dharmajñe tapasā niyamena ca.

39. upasarpasva dharmajñe yathāpūrvam imān ṛṣīn
prītaḥ asmi tava dharmajñe tapasā niyamena ca

39. O knower of natural law (dharma), approach these sages (ṛṣi) as before. O knower of natural law (dharma), I am pleased with your austerity (tapas) and discipline.

Words meanings summery:

• उपसर्पस्व (upasarpasva) - approach, draw near

• धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of dharma, O wise in righteousness

• यथापूर्वम् (yathāpūrvam) - as before, as formerly

• इमान् (imān) - these

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of dharma

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

• नियमेन (niyamena) - by discipline, by rule, by self-control

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

उपसर्पस्व (upasarpasva) - approach, draw near

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of upasarpa

Imperative Middle

2nd person singular, Imperative mood, Ātmanepada. From 'upa-sṛp' (to crawl towards, approach).

Prefix: upa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of dharma, O wise in righteousness

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of law/righteousness/dharma, virtuous, wise in duty

Vocative singular feminine. Compound of 'dharma' (natural law, duty) + 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

यथापूर्वम् (yathāpūrvam) - as before, as formerly

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable compound of 'yathā' (as) + 'pūrvam' (before).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pūrvam)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• pūrvam – before, formerly, previously
  indeclinable (neuter)
  Accusative singular of 'pūrva' (former).

Note: Adverb modifying 'upasarpasva'.

इमान् (imān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Masculine accusative plural of 'idam'.

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣīn'.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - sages, seers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

Note: Object of 'upasarpasva'.

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Masculine nominative singular of 'prīta'. From root 'prī' (to please, satisfy).

Root: prī (class 9)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

1st person singular, Present tense, Parasmaipada.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The speaker is the 'bhagavān' from the previous verse.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Indicates possession or association.

धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of dharma

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of law/righteousness/dharma, virtuous, wise in duty

Vocative singular feminine. Compound of 'dharma' (natural law, duty) + 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Means 'by means of' or 'because of' austerity.

नियमेन (niyamena) - by discipline, by rule, by self-control

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niyama

niyama - discipline, restraint, rule, regulation, self-control

From 'ni-yam' (to restrain, control).

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Means 'by means of' or 'because of' discipline.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.