महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-28, verse-8

अस्त्रयोगश्च युद्धं च निमित्तानि तथैव च ।
सर्वमेतन्मया ज्ञेयं रथस्यास्य कुटुम्बिना ।
अतस्त्वां कथये कर्ण निदर्शनमिदं पुनः ॥८॥

8. astrayogaśca yuddhaṁ ca nimittāni tathaiva ca ,
sarvametanmayā jñeyaṁ rathasyāsya kuṭumbinā ,
atastvāṁ kathaye karṇa nidarśanamidaṁ punaḥ.

8. astrayogaḥ ca yuddham ca nimittāni
tathā eva ca sarvam etat mayā jñeyam
rathasya asya kuṭumbinā ataḥ tvām
kathaye karṇa nidarśanam idam punaḥ

8. astrayogaḥ ca yuddham ca nimittāni
tathā eva ca sarvam etat asya rathasya
kuṭumbinā mayā jñeyam ataḥ karṇa
tvām idam nidarśanam punaḥ kathaye

8. The deployment of weapons (yoga), warfare, omens, and similar matters—all of this must be known by me, the master of this chariot. Therefore, Karna, I will recount this example to you again.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्त्रयोगः (astrayogaḥ) - application/deployment of missiles/weapons

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens, signs, causes, motives

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, every

• एतत् (etat) - this

• मया (mayā) - by me

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - to be known, knowable, intelligible

• रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

• अस्य (asya) - of this

• कुटुम्बिना (kuṭumbinā) - by the householder, by the family man, by the master

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, from this

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• कथये (kathaye) - I tell, I narrate, I speak

• कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (vocative)

• निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, demonstration

• इदम् (idam) - this

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

Words meanings and morphology

अस्त्रयोगः (astrayogaḥ) - application/deployment of missiles/weapons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of astrayoga

astrayoga - use of weapons, deployment of missiles, application of astra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+yoga)

• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)
• yoga – application, conjunction, discipline, union, spiritual practice (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens, signs, causes, motives

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, motive, mark, pretext

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, every

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every, entire

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - to be known, knowable, intelligible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, intelligible, that which should be understood

Gerundive

Root jñā + suffix -eya

Root: jñā (class 9)

रथस्य (rathasya) - of the chariot

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

अस्य (asya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

कुटुम्बिना (kuṭumbinā) - by the householder, by the family man, by the master

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kuṭumbin

kuṭumbin - householder, family man, master (of a household/chariot), head of a family

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, hence, from this

(indeclinable)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

कथये (kathaye) - I tell, I narrate, I speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kath

Root: kath (class 10)

कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (vocative)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper noun), ear

निदर्शनम् (nidarśanam) - example, illustration, demonstration

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nidarśana

nidarśana - example, illustration, proof, demonstration, instance

Prefix: ni

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)