महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-28, verse-51

तमेवंवादिनं दीनं विलपन्तमचेतनम् ।
काक काकेति वाशन्तं निमज्जन्तं महार्णवे ॥५१॥

51. tamevaṁvādinaṁ dīnaṁ vilapantamacetanam ,
kāka kāketi vāśantaṁ nimajjantaṁ mahārṇave.

51. tam evam vādinam dīnam vilapantam acetanam
kāka kāka iti vāśantam nimajjantam mahārṇave

51. mahārṇave nimajjantam tam evam vādinam dīnam
vilapantam acetanam kāka kāka iti vāśantam

51. That one, speaking in such a way, miserable, lamenting, unconscious, crying out 'Crow! Crow!' as he was sinking in the great ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaking, talking, asserting

• दीनम् (dīnam) - miserable, pitiable, distressed

• विलपन्तम् (vilapantam) - lamenting, weeping, bewailing

• अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

• काक (kāka) - O crow, crow

• काक (kāka) - O crow, crow

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (marks quoted speech)

• वाशन्तम् (vāśantam) - crying, screaming, calling out

• निमज्जन्तम् (nimajjantam) - sinking, submerging, drowning

• महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaking, talking, asserting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vādin

vādin - speaker, one who speaks, asserting

Agent noun from root vad

Formed with suffix -in from root vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

दीनम् (dīnam) - miserable, pitiable, distressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, pitiable, distressed, sad

Past Passive Participle of root dī

Past Passive Participle from root dī (to decay, be sad)

Root: dī (class 4)

विलपन्तम् (vilapantam) - lamenting, weeping, bewailing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - lamenting, weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle (śatṛ) from root lap with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

अचेतनम् (acetanam) - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acetana

acetana - unconscious, senseless, inanimate

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'cetana' (conscious, sentient)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cetana)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• cetana – conscious, sentient, animate
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root cit (to perceive, understand)
  Root: cit (class 10)

काक (kāka) - O crow, crow

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kāka

kāka - crow

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'Kāka! Kāka!'.

काक (kāka) - O crow, crow

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kāka

kāka - crow

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'Kāka! Kāka!'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way (marks quoted speech)

(indeclinable)

Used to mark the end of a quotation or direct speech

वाशन्तम् (vāśantam) - crying, screaming, calling out

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāśat

vāśat - crying, screaming, roaring (usually of animals)

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle (śatṛ) from root vāś (to cry, roar, sound)

Root: vāś (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

निमज्जन्तम् (nimajjantam) - sinking, submerging, drowning

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nimajjat

nimajjat - sinking, submerging, drowning

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle (śatṛ) from root majj with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the great ocean

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean, sea

Compound of mahā (great) and arṇava (ocean)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arṇava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)