महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-28, verse-19

तच्छ्रुत्वा प्राहसन्हंसा ये तत्रासन्समागताः ।
भाषतो बहु काकस्य बलिनः पततां वराः ।
इदमूचुश्च चक्राङ्गा वचः काकं विहंगमाः ॥१९॥

19. tacchrutvā prāhasanhaṁsā ye tatrāsansamāgatāḥ ,
bhāṣato bahu kākasya balinaḥ patatāṁ varāḥ ,
idamūcuśca cakrāṅgā vacaḥ kākaṁ vihaṁgamāḥ.

19. tat śrutvā prahasan haṃsāḥ ye tatra
āsan samāgatāḥ bhāṣataḥ bahu kākasya
balinaḥ patatām varāḥ idam ūcuḥ
ca cakrāṅgāḥ vacaḥ kākam vihaṃgamāḥ

19. tat śrutvā ye tatra samāgatāḥ
patatām varāḥ haṃsāḥ bahu bhāṣataḥ
balinaḥ kākasya prahasan ca cakrāṅgāḥ
vihaṃgamāḥ idam vacaḥ kākam ūcuḥ

19. Having heard that, the swans (haṃsa), who were gathered there and were the foremost among flyers, laughed as the mighty crow (kāka) spoke boastfully. And these birds (cakrāṅgāḥ, vihaṅgamāḥ) then spoke these words to the crow (kāka).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - they laughed

• हंसाः (haṁsāḥ) - the swans

• ये (ye) - who

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• आसन् (āsan) - they were

• समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled, gathered

• भाषतः (bhāṣataḥ) - of him speaking, while speaking

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, a lot

• काकस्य (kākasya) - of the crow

• बलिनः (balinaḥ) - of the strong, of the mighty

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those flying, among flyers

• वराः (varāḥ) - the best, the foremost

• इदम् (idam) - this

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

• च (ca) - and

• चक्राङ्गाः (cakrāṅgāḥ) - the swans (lit. those with wheel-like marks)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

• काकम् (kākam) - to the crow

• विहंगमाः (vihaṁgamāḥ) - the birds, the flyers

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - they laughed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pra-has

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

हंसाः (haṁsāḥ) - the swans

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a mythical bird

ये (ye) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled, gathered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, met, arrived, come together

past passive participle

derived from root gam with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

भाषतः (bhāṣataḥ) - of him speaking, while speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhāṣat

bhāṣat - speaking, talking

present active participle

present active participle from root bhāṣ (to speak)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

बहु (bahu) - much, many, a lot

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here

काकस्य (kākasya) - of the crow

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāka

kāka - crow

बलिनः (balinaḥ) - of the strong, of the mighty

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

पतताम् (patatām) - of those flying, among flyers

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - flying, falling, one who flies/falls

present active participle

present active participle from root pat (to fly/fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

वराः (varāḥ) - the best, the foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; a boon; a bridegroom

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चक्राङ्गाः (cakrāṅgāḥ) - the swans (lit. those with wheel-like marks)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cakrāṅga

cakrāṅga - having a body marked with circles/wheels, a goose or swan

Compound type : bahuvrihi (cakra+aṅga)

• cakra – wheel, discus, circle
  noun (neuter)
• aṅga – limb, body, part
  noun (neuter)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

काकम् (kākam) - to the crow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāka

kāka - crow

विहंगमाः (vihaṁgamāḥ) - the birds, the flyers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihaṃgama

vihaṁgama - bird, one who goes through the air

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (viha+gama)

• viha – sky, air
  noun (neuter)
• gama – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)