महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-28, verse-28

शतमेकं च पातानां त्वं काक पतिता ध्रुवम् ।
एकमेव तु ये पातं विदुः सर्वे विहंगमाः ॥२८॥

28. śatamekaṁ ca pātānāṁ tvaṁ kāka patitā dhruvam ,
ekameva tu ye pātaṁ viduḥ sarve vihaṁgamāḥ.

28. śatam ekam ca pātānām tvam kāka patitā dhruvam
ekam eva tu ye pātam viduḥ sarve vihaṅgamāḥ

28. kāka tvam pātānām śatam ekam ca dhruvam patitā
(asi) ye sarve vihaṅgamāḥ tu ekam eva pātam viduḥ

28. O crow, you certainly perform a hundred types of dives. However, all other birds know only one true dive.

Words meanings summery:

• शतम् (śatam) - one hundred (a hundred)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (modifying śatam) (one, single)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पातानाम् (pātānām) - of dives (of falls, of dives)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (O crow) (you)

• काक (kāka) - O crow

• पतिता (patitā) - one who performs dives, or a type of diving (fallen; one who performs a fall/dive; a dive, a flight (feminine nominative singular))

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, assuredly (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

• एकम् (ekam) - only one (one, single)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

• तु (tu) - however, but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• ये (ye) - who (referring to sarve vihaṅgamāḥ) (who, which (plural nominative))

• पातम् (pātam) - dive (the true, essential one) (fall, dive (accusative))

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (other birds) (all, every)

• विहङ्गमाः (vihaṅgamāḥ) - birds

Words meanings and morphology

शतम् (śatam) - one hundred (a hundred)

(numeral noun)

Note: Acts as a quantifier for pātānām.

एकम् (ekam) - one (modifying śatam) (one, single)

(numeral adjective)

Note: Agrees with śatam.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पातानाम् (pātānām) - of dives (of falls, of dives)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāta

pāta - a fall, a descent, a dive, a flight

From root pat (to fall, fly).

Root: pat (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (O crow) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Nominative singular form of the second person pronoun.

काक (kāka) - O crow

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kāka

kāka - crow

पतिता (patitā) - one who performs dives, or a type of diving (fallen; one who performs a fall/dive; a dive, a flight (feminine nominative singular))

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, flown, descended. As a nominalized term: a fall, a dive, a flight.

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall, fly) + kta suffix.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with tvam.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, assuredly (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

(indeclinable)

Root: dhru (class 1)

एकम् (ekam) - only one (one, single)

(numeral adjective)

Note: Agreeing with pātam.

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes ekam.

तु (tu) - however, but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who (referring to sarve vihaṅgamāḥ) (who, which (plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Nominative plural masculine form.

पातम् (pātam) - dive (the true, essential one) (fall, dive (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāta

pāta - a fall, a descent, a dive, a flight

From root pat (to fall, fly).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Object of viduḥ.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (liṭ) of vid

Present active indicative

Third person plural form. Often considered an archaic present or perfect.

Root: vid (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (other birds) (all, every)

(pronoun/adjective)

विहङ्गमाः (vihaṅgamāḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihaṅgama

vihaṅgama - bird, sky-goer

Compound of viha (sky) and gama (goer).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (viha+gama)

• viha – sky, air
  noun (neuter)
• gama – going, moving, a goer
  noun (masculine)
  From root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)