महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-28, verse-3

इमां काकोपमां कर्ण प्रोच्यमानां निबोध मे ।
श्रुत्वा यथेष्टं कुर्यास्त्वं विहीन कुलपांसन ॥३॥

3. imāṁ kākopamāṁ karṇa procyamānāṁ nibodha me ,
śrutvā yatheṣṭaṁ kuryāstvaṁ vihīna kulapāṁsana.

3. imām kāka-upamām karṇa procya-mānām nibodha me
śrutvā yathā-iṣṭam kuryāḥ tvam vihīna kula-pāṃsana

3. karṇa,
vihīna kulapāṃsana,
me procya-mānām imām kāka-upamām nibodha.
śrutvā tvam yathā-iṣṭam kuryāḥ.

3. O Karṇa, listen to this analogy of the crow that I am about to relate. Having heard it, you, O wretched one, O disgracer of your family, may then do as you please.

Words meanings summery:

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• काक-उपमाम् (kāka-upamām) - analogy of the crow (crow's comparison, analogy of the crow)

• कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa (ear, Karṇa)

• प्रोच्य-मानाम् (procya-mānām) - being told (being spoken, being related, being told)

• निबोध (nibodha) - listen (understand, perceive, listen, know)

• मे (me) - by me (to me, for me, by me, my)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• यथा-इष्टम् (yathā-iṣṭam) - as you wish (as desired, as wished, according to one's will)

• कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you may do (you should do, you may do, you would do)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विहीन (vihīna) - O wretched one, O deprived one (deprived, bereft, destitute, fallen)

• कुल-पांसन (kula-pāṁsana) - O disgracer of the family (disgracer of the family, defiler of the lineage)

Words meanings and morphology

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

काक-उपमाम् (kāka-upamām) - analogy of the crow (crow's comparison, analogy of the crow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāka-upamā

kāka-upamā - crow's comparison, crow's analogy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāka+upamā)

• kāka – crow
  noun (masculine)
• upamā – comparison, analogy, likeness
  noun (feminine)

कर्ण (karṇa) - O Karṇa (ear, Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a character in Mahabharata)

Note: Addressed directly.

प्रोच्य-मानाम् (procya-mānām) - being told (being spoken, being related, being told)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of procya-māṇa

procya-māṇa - being spoken, being told, being declared

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with prefix pra, and suffix māna for passive participle.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Describes the analogy as something currently being narrated.

निबोध (nibodha) - listen (understand, perceive, listen, know)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh

Root budh (to know, perceive) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - by me (to me, for me, by me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I (1st person pronoun)

Pronominal form for 1st person singular.

Note: Can also be dative. Here, it indicates the source of the narration 'from me' or 'by me' (procya-mānām me).

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root śru (to hear) with suffix ktvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

यथा-इष्टम् (yathā-iṣṭam) - as you wish (as desired, as wished, according to one's will)

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as) and iṣṭa (desired, P.P.P. of iṣ).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+iṣṭa)

• yathā – as, just as
  indeclinable
• iṣṭa – desired, wished, liked, agreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root iṣ (to wish, desire).
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you may do (you should do, you may do, you would do)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Thematic root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

विहीन (vihīna) - O wretched one, O deprived one (deprived, bereft, destitute, fallen)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vihīna

vihīna - deprived, bereft, destitute, fallen, wretched

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hā (to abandon, forsake) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

कुल-पांसन (kula-pāṁsana) - O disgracer of the family (disgracer of the family, defiler of the lineage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kula-pāṃsana

kula-pāṁsana - disgracer of the family, defiler of the lineage, family's disgrace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+pāṃsana)

• kula – family, lineage, race, noble family
  noun (neuter)
• pāṃsana – defiler, disgracer, polluter
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root paṃs (to scatter, pollute).
  Root: paṃs (class 10)