महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-55

जलं दृष्ट्वा प्रधावन्ति क्रोशमानाः परस्परम् ।
जलं पीत्वा मृतान्पश्य पिबतोऽन्यांश्च भारत ॥५५॥

55. jalaṁ dṛṣṭvā pradhāvanti krośamānāḥ parasparam ,
jalaṁ pītvā mṛtānpaśya pibato'nyāṁśca bhārata.

55. jalam dṛṣṭvā pradhāvanti krośamānāḥ parasparam
jalam pītvā mṛtān paśya pibataḥ anyān ca bhārata

55. jalam dṛṣṭvā parasparam krośamānāḥ pradhāvanti
bhārata pītvā jalam mṛtān paśya ca anyān pibataḥ

55. Upon seeing water, they run forward, crying out to one another. O Bhārata, observe those who died after drinking the water, and also others who are still drinking.

Words meanings summery:

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

• प्रधावन्ति (pradhāvanti) - they run forward (they run forward, they rush)

• क्रोशमानाः (krośamānāḥ) - crying out (crying out, shouting)

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - to one another (mutually, reciprocally, to one another)

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• पीत्वा (pītvā) - after drinking (having drunk, after drinking)

• मृतान् (mṛtān) - the dead (people) (dead ones, deceased)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, observe (see, behold, look)

• पिबतः (pibataḥ) - (those who are) drinking (drinking)

• अन्यान् (anyān) - others

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Arjuna/Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

Words meanings and morphology

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix 'ktvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रधावन्ति (pradhāvanti) - they run forward (they run forward, they rush)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pradhāva

Present Active Indicative

From root 'dhāv' (to run) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

क्रोशमानाः (krośamānāḥ) - crying out (crying out, shouting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krośamāna

krośamāna - crying, shouting, lamenting

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root 'kruś' (to cry, shout) + suffix 'śānac' (māna)

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'pradhāvanti'.

परस्परम् (parasparam) - to one another (mutually, reciprocally, to one another)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Object of 'pītvā'.

पीत्वा (pītvā) - after drinking (having drunk, after drinking)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'pā' (to drink) + suffix 'ktvā'

Root: pā (class 1)

मृतान् (mṛtān) - the dead (people) (dead ones, deceased)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ' (to die) + suffix 'kta' (ta)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

पश्य (paśya) - behold, observe (see, behold, look)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present imperative (loṭ) of paśya

Present Active Imperative

From root 'dṛś' (to see), with 'paśya' being the strong stem for present system.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पिबतः (pibataḥ) - (those who are) drinking (drinking)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pibat

pibat - drinking

Present Active Participle

From root 'pā' (to drink) + suffix 'śatṛ' (at)

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'paśya'.

अन्यान् (anyān) - others

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Object of 'paśya'. Modifies 'pibataḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (Arjuna/Dhritarashtra) (O descendant of Bharata, O Indian)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

Note: Common address in the Mahabharata, referring to Arjuna or Dhritarashtra.