महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-5

वाशितार्थे युयुत्सन्तो वृषभा वृषभं यथा ।
आपतन्त्यर्जुनं शूराः शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥५॥

5. vāśitārthe yuyutsanto vṛṣabhā vṛṣabhaṁ yathā ,
āpatantyarjunaṁ śūrāḥ śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ.

5. vāśita-arthe yuyutsantaḥ vṛṣabhāḥ vṛṣabham yathā
āpatanti arjunam śūrāḥ śataśaḥ atha sahasraśaḥ

5. yathā vṛṣabhāḥ vāśita-arthe vṛṣabham yuyutsantaḥ [āpatanti],
atha śataśaḥ sahasraśaḥ śūrāḥ arjunam āpatanti

5. Just as bulls (vṛṣabhāḥ) desiring to fight (yuyutsantaḥ) for a cow (vāśitārthe) charge at [another] bull (vṛṣabham), so too (atha) hundreds (śataśaḥ) and thousands (sahasraśaḥ) of heroes (śūrāḥ) rushed upon Arjuna (arjunam).

Words meanings summery:

• वाशित-अर्थे (vāśita-arthe) - for the sake of a cow in heat (for the sake of a female (in heat), for a mate)

• युयुत्सन्तः (yuyutsantaḥ) - desiring to fight, fighting

• वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) - bulls

• वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) - a bull

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

• आपतन्ति (āpatanti) - they rush upon, they fall upon

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave warriors

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds

• अथ (atha) - then, and, now

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands

Words meanings and morphology

वाशित-अर्थे (vāśita-arthe) - for the sake of a cow in heat (for the sake of a female (in heat), for a mate)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vāśita-artha

vāśita-artha - object of a bellowing animal, for the sake of a cow in heat

Compound: vāśita (bellowed, a cow in heat) + artha (purpose, sake). Vāśita is PPP of root vāś (to bellow).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāśita+artha)

• vāśita – bellowed, cried out, a cow in heat
  noun (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root vāś (to bellow, cry out), here implying a female animal in heat.
  Root: vāś (class 2)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the cause of the bulls' fight.

युयुत्सन्तः (yuyutsantaḥ) - desiring to fight, fighting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuyutsant

yudh - to fight

Desiderative Present Active Participle

Desiderative stem of root yudh (to fight) + śatṛ suffix for present participle.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with vṛṣabhāḥ and śūrāḥ.

वृषभाः (vṛṣabhāḥ) - bulls

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣabha

vṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent

From root vṛṣ (to rain, sprinkle, be strong)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Used in the simile.

वृषभम् (vṛṣabham) - a bull

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛṣabha

vṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied verb of charging.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile.

आपतन्ति (āpatanti) - they rush upon, they fall upon

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ā-pat

Present Tense

From root pat (to fall, fly) with prefix ā (towards, upon).

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb for both the simile and the main statement.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - white, clear, a name of Arjuna

Note: Object of the verb āpatanti.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Subject of the verb āpatanti.

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds

(indeclinable)

From śata (hundred) with -śas suffix (indicating distribution or manner).

Note: Adverbial.

अथ (atha) - then, and, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands

(indeclinable)

From sahasra (thousand) with -śas suffix (indicating distribution or manner).

Note: Adverbial.