महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-13

सारोहास्तुरगाः पेतुर्बहवोऽर्जुनताडिताः ।
निर्जिह्वान्त्राः क्षितौ क्षीणा रुधिरार्द्राः सुदुर्दृशः ॥१३॥

13. sārohāsturagāḥ peturbahavo'rjunatāḍitāḥ ,
nirjihvāntrāḥ kṣitau kṣīṇā rudhirārdrāḥ sudurdṛśaḥ.

13. sa ārohāḥ turagāḥ petuḥ bahavaḥ arjunatāḍitāḥ
nirjihvāntrāḥ kṣitau kṣīṇāḥ rudhirārdrāḥ sudurdṛśaḥ

13. arjunatāḍitāḥ bahavaḥ sa ārohāḥ turagāḥ nirjihvāntrāḥ
rudhirārdrāḥ kṣitau kṣīṇāḥ sudurdṛśaḥ petuḥ

13. Many horses, struck by Arjuna, fell along with their riders. They were mangled on the ground, their tongues and entrails torn out, drenched in blood, and were extremely ghastly to behold.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - with, together with

• आरोहाः (ārohāḥ) - riders

• तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• अर्जुनताडिताः (arjunatāḍitāḥ) - struck by Arjuna

• निर्जिह्वान्त्राः (nirjihvāntrāḥ) - whose tongues and entrails are torn out/absent

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

• क्षीणाः (kṣīṇāḥ) - mangled, destroyed, wasted away

• रुधिरार्द्राः (rudhirārdrāḥ) - drenched in blood, wet with blood

• सुदुर्दृशः (sudurdṛśaḥ) - very ghastly to behold, extremely difficult to see

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms compound 'sa-ārohāḥ'.

आरोहाः (ārohāḥ) - riders

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āroha

āroha - rider, one who ascends or mounts

From root √ruh (to rise, mount) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Part of compound 'sa ārohāḥ'.

तुरगाः (turagāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'swift-goer')

From 'tura' (swift) and 'ga' (goer).

पेतुः (petuḥ) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

अर्जुनताडिताः (arjunatāḍitāḥ) - struck by Arjuna

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of arjunatāḍita

arjunatāḍita - struck by Arjuna

Compound type : tatpurusha (arjuna+tāḍita)

• arjuna – Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• tāḍita – struck, beaten, hit
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √tāḍ (to strike, beat).
  Root: tāḍ (class 10)

निर्जिह्वान्त्राः (nirjihvāntrāḥ) - whose tongues and entrails are torn out/absent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjihvāntra

nirjihvāntra - whose tongues and entrails are torn out/absent

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nir+jihvāntra)

• nir – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• jihvāntra – tongue and entrails
  noun (neuter)

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, soil

क्षीणाः (kṣīṇāḥ) - mangled, destroyed, wasted away

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣīṇa

kṣīṇa - destroyed, wasted, attenuated, mangled

Past Passive Participle

From root √kṣi (to destroy, waste away).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

रुधिरार्द्राः (rudhirārdrāḥ) - drenched in blood, wet with blood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rudhirārdra

rudhirārdra - wet with blood, drenched in blood

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudhira+ārdra)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ārdra – wet, moist, soaked
  adjective (masculine)

सुदुर्दृशः (sudurdṛśaḥ) - very ghastly to behold, extremely difficult to see

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurdṛś

sudurdṛś - very ghastly to behold, extremely difficult to see

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+dur+dṛś)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
• dṛś – to see, to appear
  verb
  Used here as a verbal root in a compound context, forming 'durdṛś' (difficult to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)