महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-47

वैडूर्यमणिदण्डांश्च पतितानङ्कुशान्भुवि ।
बद्धाः सादिध्वजाग्रेषु सुवर्णविकृताः कशाः ॥४७॥

47. vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍāṁśca patitānaṅkuśānbhuvi ,
baddhāḥ sādidhvajāgreṣu suvarṇavikṛtāḥ kaśāḥ.

47. vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍān ca patitān aṅkuśān bhuvi
baddhāḥ sādidhvajāgreṣu suvarṇavikṛtāḥ kaśāḥ

47. vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍān aṅkuśān ca bhuvi patitān
suvarṇavikṛtāḥ kaśāḥ sādidhvajāgreṣu baddhāḥ

47. Elephant goads (aṅkuśa) with handles adorned by sapphire (vaiḍūrya) gems lay fallen on the ground, while gold-decorated whips (kaśā) were found tied to the tips of the cavalry standards.

Words meanings summery:

• वैडूर्यमणिदण्डान् (vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍān) - goads with handles made of sapphire gems

• च (ca) - and, also

• पतितान् (patitān) - fallen, dropped

• अङ्कुशान् (aṅkuśān) - elephant goads, hooks

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

• बद्धाः (baddhāḥ) - tied, bound, fastened

• सादिध्वजाग्रेषु (sādidhvajāgreṣu) - on the tips of the cavalry standards

• सुवर्णविकृताः (suvarṇavikṛtāḥ) - ornamented with gold, made of gold

• कशाः (kaśāḥ) - whips, lashes

Words meanings and morphology

वैडूर्यमणिदण्डान् (vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍān) - goads with handles made of sapphire gems

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍa

vaiḍūryamaṇidaṇḍa - handle adorned with sapphire gem, staff with sapphire

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiḍūrya+maṇi+daṇḍa)

• vaiḍūrya – sapphire, lapis lazuli, beryl (a precious stone)
  noun (neuter)
• maṇi – gem, jewel, pearl
  noun (masculine)
• daṇḍa – stick, staff, rod, handle
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पतितान् (patitān) - fallen, dropped

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pat (to fall, fly) with suffix 'kta' (ta).

Root: pat (class 1)

अङ्कुशान् (aṅkuśān) - elephant goads, hooks

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aṅkuśa

aṅkuśa - elephant goad, hook, prod

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, world

बद्धाः (baddhāḥ) - tied, bound, fastened

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of baddha

baddha - tied, bound, fastened, caught, captured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bandh (to bind, tie) with suffix 'kta' (ta).

Root: bandh (class 9)

सादिध्वजाग्रेषु (sādidhvajāgreṣu) - on the tips of the cavalry standards

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sādidhvajāgra

sādidhvajāgra - tip of a cavalry standard/banner

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādin+dhvaja+agra)

• sādin – horseman, rider, cavalryman
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – flag, banner, standard, ensign
  noun (masculine)
• agra – tip, front, top, summit
  noun (neuter)

सुवर्णविकृताः (suvarṇavikṛtāḥ) - ornamented with gold, made of gold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of suvarṇavikṛta

suvarṇavikṛta - ornamented with gold, modified or made with gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suvarṇa+vikṛta)

• suvarṇa – gold, good color
  noun (neuter)
• vikṛta – modified, changed, altered, adorned, decorated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with the prefix 'vi' and suffix 'kta' (ta).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कशाः (kaśāḥ) - whips, lashes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kaśā

kaśā - whip, lash, switch