महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-27

एष पार्थ महारौद्रो वर्तते भरतक्षयः ।
पृथिव्यां पार्थिवानां वै दुर्योधनकृते महान् ॥२७॥

27. eṣa pārtha mahāraudro vartate bharatakṣayaḥ ,
pṛthivyāṁ pārthivānāṁ vai duryodhanakṛte mahān.

27. eṣa pārtha mahāraudraḥ vartate bharatakṣayaḥ
pṛthivyām pārthivānām vai duryodhanakṛte mahān

27. pārtha eṣa mahāraudraḥ mahān bharatakṣayaḥ
pārthivānām pṛthivyām duryodhanakṛte vai vartate

27. O Pārtha (Arjuna), this exceedingly terrible and vast destruction of kings among the Bhāratas is occurring on earth, all due to Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• महारौद्रः (mahāraudraḥ) - extremely terrible, very fierce

• वर्तते (vartate) - is occurring (is occurring, exists, turns, abides)

• भरतक्षयः (bharatakṣayaḥ) - the great war, leading to destruction of many kings of the Bharata lineage. (destruction of the Bhāratas)

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, in the world

• पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of earthly rulers

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• दुर्योधनकृते (duryodhanakṛte) - on account of Duryodhana, for Duryodhana

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) with the `aṇ` suffix, meaning 'descendant of'.

महारौद्रः (mahāraudraḥ) - extremely terrible, very fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāraudra

mahāraudra - very fierce, extremely terrible, greatly dreadful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+raudra)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• raudra – fierce, terrible, dreadful, belonging to Rudra
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `bharatakṣayaḥ`.

वर्तते (vartate) - is occurring (is occurring, exists, turns, abides)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present tense

Present middle 3rd singular.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भरतक्षयः (bharatakṣayaḥ) - the great war, leading to destruction of many kings of the Bharata lineage. (destruction of the Bhāratas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharatakṣaya

bharatakṣaya - destruction of the Bhāratas (descendants of Bharata)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+kṣaya)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, a Bhārata
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss, end
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Subject of the verb `vartate`.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Root: pṛth (class 1)

पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of earthly rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly, relating to the earth, sovereign

Derived from `pṛthivī` (earth) with `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Refers to the kings involved in the war.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनकृते (duryodhanakṛte) - on account of Duryodhana, for Duryodhana

(indeclinable)

Derived from `kṛta` (done) combined with `Duryodhana`. Locative form of an adjective or indeclinable.

Compound type : tatpurusha (duryodhana+kṛta)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dur
• kṛta – done, made, performed, caused
  past passive participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do, to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with `bharatakṣayaḥ`.