महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-18

अथार्जुनरथं वीरास्त्वदीयाः समुपाद्रवन् ।
नानाजनपदाध्यक्षाः सगणा जातमन्यवः ॥१८॥

18. athārjunarathaṁ vīrāstvadīyāḥ samupādravan ,
nānājanapadādhyakṣāḥ sagaṇā jātamanyavaḥ.

18. atha arjunaratham vīrāḥ tvadīyāḥ samupādravan
nānājanapadādhyakṣāḥ sagaṇāḥ jātamanuavaḥ

18. atha tvadīyāḥ nānājanapadādhyakṣāḥ sagaṇāḥ
jātamanuavaḥ vīrāḥ arjunaratham samupādravan

18. Then, your warriors—the enraged chiefs from various lands, accompanied by their contingents—rushed towards Arjuna's chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• अर्जुनरथम् (arjunaratham) - Arjuna's chariot

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - warriors (heroes, brave men, warriors)

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Duryodhana's) men/warriors (your, belonging to you, yours)

• समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - they rushed towards (they attacked, rushed upon, assailed)

• नानाजनपदाध्यक्षाः (nānājanapadādhyakṣāḥ) - chiefs from various lands (chiefs of various countries/regions)

• सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - accompanied by their contingents (with their troops/retinue, accompanied by groups)

• जातमनुअवः (jātamanuavaḥ) - enraged (whose anger has arisen, enraged)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनरथम् (arjunaratham) - Arjuna's chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjunaratha

arjunaratha - Arjuna's chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (arjuna+ratha)

• arjuna – Arjuna (name of the third Pāṇḍava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb samupādravan.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - warriors (heroes, brave men, warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant, warrior

Note: Subject of the sentence.

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your (Duryodhana's) men/warriors (your, belonging to you, yours)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, relating to you, yours

Derived from tvad (you) with the suffix īya.

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's warriors.

समुपाद्रवन् (samupādravan) - they rushed towards (they attacked, rushed upon, assailed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupādrav

Imperfect active 3rd plural

Root dru (to run) with prefixes sam- and upa-.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Action verb describing the warriors.

नानाजनपदाध्यक्षाः (nānājanapadādhyakṣāḥ) - chiefs from various lands (chiefs of various countries/regions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nānājanapadādhyakṣa

nānājanapadādhyakṣa - chief of various countries

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nānā+janapada+adhyakṣa)

• nānā – various, manifold, diverse
  indeclinable
• janapada – country, kingdom, region, inhabited country
  noun (masculine)
• adhyakṣa – chief, superintendent, overseer, president
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: Adjective/epithet for vīrāḥ.

सगणाः (sagaṇāḥ) - accompanied by their contingents (with their troops/retinue, accompanied by groups)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sagaṇa

sagaṇa - with a retinue, accompanied by a group, with attendants

Formed with prefix sa- (with) and gaṇa (group/troop).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gaṇa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• gaṇa – group, troop, retinue, host
  noun (masculine)

जातमनुअवः (jātamanuavaḥ) - enraged (whose anger has arisen, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jātamanuayu

jātamanuayu - whose wrath is born, enraged, furious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+manyu)

• jāta – born, arisen, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• manyu – wrath, anger, passion
  noun (masculine)