महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-54

जलार्थं च गताः केचिन्निष्प्राणा बहवोऽर्जुन ।
संनिवृत्ताश्च ते शूरास्तान्दृष्ट्वैव विचेतसः ॥५४॥

54. jalārthaṁ ca gatāḥ kecinniṣprāṇā bahavo'rjuna ,
saṁnivṛttāśca te śūrāstāndṛṣṭvaiva vicetasaḥ.

54. jalārtham ca gatāḥ kecit niṣprāṇāḥ bahavaḥ arjuna
saṃnivṛttāḥ ca te śūrāḥ tān dṛṣṭvā eva vicetasaḥ

54. arjuna jalārtham gatāḥ kecit bahavaḥ ca niṣprāṇāḥ
te śūrāḥ ca tān dṛṣṭvā eva vicetasaḥ saṃnivṛttāḥ

54. O Arjuna, many who had gone to fetch water lay lifeless. Even brave warriors, upon seeing them, turned back, having lost their composure.

Words meanings summery:

• जलार्थम् (jalārtham) - for water (for water, for the purpose of water)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - who had gone (gone, arrived)

• केचित् (kecit) - some (people) (some, certain ones)

• निष्प्राणाः (niṣprāṇāḥ) - lifeless (lifeless, dead, breathless)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna (Arjuna (name of a hero))

• संनिवृत्ताः (saṁnivṛttāḥ) - turned back (turned back, returned)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - those

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors (heroes, brave warriors)

• तान् (tān) - them (the lifeless) (them, those)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, just, even)

• विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - having lost their composure (lit. deprived of senses/mind) (deprived of consciousness, senseless, distraught)

Words meanings and morphology

जलार्थम् (jalārtham) - for water (for water, for the purpose of water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jalārtha

jalārtha - desire for water, purpose of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+artha)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions as an adverb, indicating purpose.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

गताः (gatāḥ) - who had gone (gone, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + suffix 'kta' (ta)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a nominative plural masculine noun here, referring to 'those who had gone'.

केचित् (kecit) - some (people) (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what, which

From 'kim' (what/who) + 'cit' (indeclinable particle)

Note: 'cit' is an enclitic particle forming indefinite pronouns.

निष्प्राणाः (niṣprāṇāḥ) - lifeless (lifeless, dead, breathless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣprāṇa

niṣprāṇa - lifeless, dead, breathless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+prāṇa)

• nis – out, forth, without, away
  indeclinable
• prāṇa – breath, life-force, vital air
  noun (masculine)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Adjective modifying 'kecit' or implied noun.

अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna (Arjuna (name of a hero))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of Pandava prince); white, silver

संनिवृत्ताः (saṁnivṛttāḥ) - turned back (turned back, returned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃnivṛtta

saṁnivṛtta - returned, turned back, ceased

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to turn) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ni' + suffix 'kta' (ta)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Functions as nominative plural masculine, referring to those who turned back.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'śūrāḥ'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors (heroes, brave warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave

तान् (tān) - them (the lifeless) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to 'niṣprāṇāḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś' (to see) + suffix 'ktvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

एव (eva) - even (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - having lost their composure (lit. deprived of senses/mind) (deprived of consciousness, senseless, distraught)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas

vicetas - distraught, senseless, unconscious, perplexed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+cetas)

• vi – apart, asunder, reversal, intensity
  indeclinable
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intelligence, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'te śūrāḥ'.