महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-14, verse-20

तदायुधमहावर्षं क्षिप्तं योधमहाम्बुदैः ।
व्यधमन्निशितैर्बाणैः क्षिप्रमर्जुनमारुतः ॥२०॥

20. tadāyudhamahāvarṣaṁ kṣiptaṁ yodhamahāmbudaiḥ ,
vyadhamanniśitairbāṇaiḥ kṣipramarjunamārutaḥ.

20. tat āyudhamahāvarṣam kṣiptam yodhamahāmbudaiḥ
vyadhamat niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ kṣipram arjunamārutaḥ

20. yodhamahāmbudaiḥ kṣiptam tat āyudhamahāvarṣam
arjunamārutaḥ niśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ kṣipram vyadhamat

20. That great downpour of weapons, hurled by the warrior-clouds, Arjuna, swift as a wind, quickly scattered with his sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (downpour of weapons) (that, it)

• आयुधमहावर्षम् (āyudhamahāvarṣam) - great downpour of weapons (great shower/rain of weapons)

• क्षिप्तम् (kṣiptam) - hurled (thrown, cast, discharged)

• योधमहाम्बुदैः (yodhamahāmbudaiḥ) - by the warrior-clouds (comparing warriors to great clouds) (by the great warrior-clouds)

• व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - scattered (he blew away, dispelled, scattered)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (by sharp, by keen, by sharpened)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• अर्जुनमारुतः (arjunamārutaḥ) - Arjuna, swift as a wind (Arjuna (who is like) the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (downpour of weapons) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Acts as the subject of kṣiptam and object of vyadhamat in a passive construction sense, or directly as object.

आयुधमहावर्षम् (āyudhamahāvarṣam) - great downpour of weapons (great shower/rain of weapons)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyudhamahāvarṣa

āyudhamahāvarṣa - great shower of weapons

Compound type : karmadhāraya (āyudha+mahā+varṣa)

• āyudha – weapon, arms
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, torrent
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of vyadhamat.

क्षिप्तम् (kṣiptam) - hurled (thrown, cast, discharged)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, discharged, sent

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣip (to throw).

Root: kṣip (class 6)

योधमहाम्बुदैः (yodhamahāmbudaiḥ) - by the warrior-clouds (comparing warriors to great clouds) (by the great warrior-clouds)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yodhamahāmbuda

yodhamahāmbuda - great clouds which are warriors (or great warriors like clouds)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (yodha+mahā+ambuda)

• yodha – warrior, fighter, soldier
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ambuda – cloud (lit. water-giver)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ambu (water) and da (giver).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agent of kṣiptam.

व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - scattered (he blew away, dispelled, scattered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadham

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root dhmā (to blow) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Subject is arjunamārutaḥ.

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (by sharp, by keen, by sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, keen, whetted, sharpened

Past Passive Participle

From root śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow, shaft

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

अर्जुनमारुतः (arjunamārutaḥ) - Arjuna, swift as a wind (Arjuna (who is like) the wind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjunamāruta

arjunamāruta - Arjuna as the wind, Arjuna who is the wind

Compound type : karmadhāraya (arjuna+māruta)

• arjuna – Arjuna (name of the third Pāṇḍava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• māruta – wind, air, god of wind (Vāyu)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of vyadhamat.