महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-88, verse-57

समासाद्य तु हार्दिक्यं रथानां प्रवरं रथम् ।
पाञ्चाला विगतोत्साहा भीमसेनपुरोगमाः ।
विक्रम्य वारिता राजन्वीरेण कृतवर्मणा ॥५७॥

57. samāsādya tu hārdikyaṁ rathānāṁ pravaraṁ ratham ,
pāñcālā vigatotsāhā bhīmasenapurogamāḥ ,
vikramya vāritā rājanvīreṇa kṛtavarmaṇā.

57. samāsādya tu hārdikyam rathānām
pravaram ratham pāñcālāḥ vigatotṣāhāḥ
bhīmasenapurōgamāḥ vikramya
vāritāḥ rājan vīreṇa kṛtavarmaṇā

57. rājan tu bhīmasenapurōgamāḥ
vigatotṣāhāḥ pāñcālāḥ rathānām pravaram
hārdikyam ratham samāsādya
vīreṇa kṛtavarmaṇā vikramya vāritāḥ

57. But, O King, the Panchalas, led by Bhimasena and disheartened, having encountered Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman), who was the foremost among charioteers, were repelled by the heroic Kṛtavarman after he displayed valor.

Words meanings summery:

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached, having met

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• हार्दिक्यम् (hārdikyam) - Kṛtavarman, son of Hṛdika (Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman))

• रथानाम् (rathānām) - among charioteers (referring to the best among them) (of chariots, of charioteers)

• प्रवरम् (pravaram) - best, foremost, excellent

• रथम् (ratham) - charioteer (referring to Kṛtavarman as a great charioteer) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

• पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

• विगतोत्षाहाः (vigatotṣāhāḥ) - disheartened, deprived of enthusiasm, whose enthusiasm has departed

• भीमसेनपुर्ओगमाः (bhīmasenapurōgamāḥ) - having Bhimasena as their leader, led by Bhimasena

• विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having displayed valor, having exerted strength, having attacked

• वारिताः (vāritāḥ) - were stopped, were prevented, were repelled

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero, by the brave one

• कृतवर्मणा (kṛtavarmaṇā) - by Kṛtavarman

Words meanings and morphology

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having reached, having approached, having met

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root sad (class 1) with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

हार्दिक्यम् (hārdikyam) - Kṛtavarman, son of Hṛdika (Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - Hārdikya (patronymic of Kṛtavarman, son of Hṛdika)

रथानाम् (rathānām) - among charioteers (referring to the best among them) (of chariots, of charioteers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, warrior (often as a component in compounds referring to warriors)

प्रवरम् (pravaram) - best, foremost, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pravara

pravara - best, chief, excellent, superior

रथम् (ratham) - charioteer (referring to Kṛtavarman as a great charioteer) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, warrior (often referring to the warrior in the chariot)

पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - the Panchalas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - Panchala (an ancient kingdom and its inhabitants)

विगतोत्षाहाः (vigatotṣāhāḥ) - disheartened, deprived of enthusiasm, whose enthusiasm has departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vigatotṣāha

vigatotṣāha - whose enthusiasm is gone, disheartened

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vigata+utsāha)

• vigata – departed, gone, vanished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (class 1) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• utsāha – enthusiasm, energy, spirit, effort
  noun (masculine)

भीमसेनपुर्ओगमाः (bhīmasenapurōgamāḥ) - having Bhimasena as their leader, led by Bhimasena

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīmasenapurōgama

bhīmasenapurōgama - led by Bhimasena, having Bhimasena as chief

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīmasena+purōgama)

• bhīmasena – Bhimasena (proper name of one of the Pandava brothers)
  proper noun (masculine)
• purōgama – going before, leader, chief
  noun (masculine)

विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having displayed valor, having exerted strength, having attacked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kram (class 1) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

वारिताः (vāritāḥ) - were stopped, were prevented, were repelled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vārita

vārita - stopped, hindered, restrained, warded off

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the causative of root vṛ (class 5/9) 'to hinder, to restrain'.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero, by the brave one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant, warrior

कृतवर्मणा (kṛtavarmaṇā) - by Kṛtavarman

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarman (proper name of a Vrishni warrior, also known as Hārdikya)