महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-88, verse-50

अथास्य भल्लेन शिरः सारथेः समकृन्तत ।
स पपात हतः सूतो हार्दिक्यस्य महारथात् ।
ततस्ते यन्तरि हते प्राद्रवंस्तुरगा भृशम् ॥५०॥

50. athāsya bhallena śiraḥ sāratheḥ samakṛntata ,
sa papāta hataḥ sūto hārdikyasya mahārathāt ,
tataste yantari hate prādravaṁsturagā bhṛśam.

50. atha asya bhallena śiraḥ sāratheḥ
samakṛntata | sa papāta hataḥ sūtaḥ
hārdikyasya mahārathāt | tataḥ te
yantari hate prādravan turagā bhṛśam

50. atha sa hārdikyasya sāratheḥ śiraḥ
bhallena samakṛntata sa hataḥ
sūtaḥ mahārathāt papāta tataḥ te
yantari hate turagā bhṛśam prādravan

50. Then, with a javelin, he severed the head of Hārdikya's charioteer. The killed charioteer fell from the great chariot. Consequently, with their driver slain, the horses ran off frantically.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अस्य (asya) - his, its, of him, of it

• भल्लेन (bhallena) - with a javelin, with an arrow

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• सारथेः (sāratheḥ) - of the charioteer

• समकृन्तत (samakṛntata) - he cut off, he severed

• स (sa) - he, that

• पपात (papāta) - he fell

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer

• हार्दिक्यस्य (hārdikyasya) - of Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (of Hārdikya)

• महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from Hārdikya's great chariot (from the great chariot, from a great warrior's chariot)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, consequently

• ते (te) - those, they

• यन्तरि (yantari) - in the charioteer, when the charioteer is

• हते (hate) - in the killed, when killed

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they ran away

• तुरगा (turagā) - horses

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, swiftly, violently

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his, its, of him, of it

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Genitive singular masculine of 'idam'. Refers to the charioteer.

भल्लेन (bhallena) - with a javelin, with an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhalla

bhalla - javelin, broad-headed arrow

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

सारथेः (sāratheḥ) - of the charioteer

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer

समकृन्तत (samakṛntata) - he cut off, he severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛnt

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛnt (class 6)

Note: 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada, root 'kṛnt' with prefix 'sam'.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of 'tad'. Refers to the charioteer.

पपात (papāta) - he fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, root 'pat'.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sūtaḥ'.

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

हार्दिक्यस्य (hārdikyasya) - of Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (of Hārdikya)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - descendant of Hṛdika, Kṛtavarman

Note: Refers to Kṛtavarman, also known as Hārdikya.

महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from Hārdikya's great chariot (from the great chariot, from a great warrior's chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot, great warrior, commander of many chariots

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the chariot of Hārdikya.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, consequently

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the horses.

यन्तरि (yantari) - in the charioteer, when the charioteer is

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - controller, charioteer, driver

Note: Used in locative absolute construction.

हते (hate) - in the killed, when killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'yantari', used in locative absolute construction.

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: 3rd person plural, Parasmaipada, root 'dru' with prefix 'pra'.

तुरगा (turagā) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'going swiftly')

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, swiftly, violently

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'prādravan'.