महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-166, verse-4

येन रामादवाप्येह धनुर्वेदं महात्मना ।
प्रोक्तान्यस्त्राणि दिव्यानि पुत्राय गुरुकाङ्क्षिणे ॥४॥

4. yena rāmādavāpyeha dhanurvedaṁ mahātmanā ,
proktānyastrāṇi divyāni putrāya gurukāṅkṣiṇe.

4. yena rāmāt avāpya iha dhanurvedam mahātmanā
proktāni astrāṇi divyāni putrāya gurukāṅkṣiṇe

4. yena mahātmanā iha rāmāt dhanurvedam avāpya
gurukāṅkṣiṇe putrāya divyāni astrāṇi proktāni

4. By which great soul (mahātman), who, having obtained the science of archery (dhanurveda) from Rāma here, divine weapons were taught to his son who longed for a teacher (guru).

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• रामात् (rāmāt) - from Rāma

• अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• धनुर्वेदम् (dhanurvedam) - the science of archery, archery

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul, by the noble one

• प्रोक्तानि (proktāni) - taught, declared, spoken, said

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, celestial

• पुत्राय (putrāya) - to the son

• गुरुकाङ्क्षिणे (gurukāṅkṣiṇe) - to the one desiring a teacher

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the 'mahātman'.

रामात् (rāmāt) - from Rāma

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, particularly referring to one of the main deities of Hinduism)

अवाप्य (avāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √āp with prefix ava, forming an absolutive with suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

धनुर्वेदम् (dhanurvedam) - the science of archery, archery

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanurveda

dhanurveda - the science or art of archery

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+veda)

• dhanus – bow, archery
  noun (neuter)
• veda – knowledge, science, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul, by the noble one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous; a great person (mahātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'yena'.

प्रोक्तानि (proktāni) - taught, declared, spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of prokta

prokta - declared, stated, taught, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'astrāṇi'.

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly

Note: Modifies 'astrāṇi'.

पुत्राय (putrāya) - to the son

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

गुरुकाङ्क्षिणे (gurukāṅkṣiṇe) - to the one desiring a teacher

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of gurukāṅkṣin

gurukāṅkṣin - desirous of a teacher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+kāṅkṣin)

• guru – teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• kāṅkṣin – desiring, wishing for
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  Derived from root √kāṅkṣ (to desire).
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'putrāya'.