महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-47

भग्नदन्तान्भग्नकटान्भग्नसक्थांश्च वारणान् ।
भग्नपृष्ठान्भग्नकुम्भान्निहतान्पर्वतोपमान् ॥४७॥

47. bhagnadantānbhagnakaṭānbhagnasakthāṁśca vāraṇān ,
bhagnapṛṣṭhānbhagnakumbhānnihatānparvatopamān.

47. bhagnadantān bhagnakaṭān bhagnasaktān ca vāraṇān
bhagnapṛṣṭhān bhagnakumbhān nihatān parvatopamān

47. bhagnadantān bhagnakaṭān bhagnasaktān ca bhagnapṛṣṭhān
bhagnakumbhān nihatān parvatopamān vāraṇān

47. We saw elephants with broken tusks, shattered temples, and broken thighs; with fractured backs, crushed frontal bosses, lying slain, and resembling mountains.

Words meanings summery:

• भग्नदन्तान् (bhagnadantān) - with broken tusks/teeth

• भग्नकटान् (bhagnakaṭān) - with broken temples/hips

• भग्नसक्तान् (bhagnasaktān) - with broken thighs

• च (ca) - and

• वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

• भग्नपृष्ठान् (bhagnapṛṣṭhān) - with broken backs

• भग्नकुम्भान् (bhagnakumbhān) - with broken frontal bosses (of an elephant)

• निहतान् (nihatān) - slain, killed, struck down

• पर्वतोपमान् (parvatopamān) - mountain-like, resembling mountains

Words meanings and morphology

भग्नदन्तान् (bhagnadantān) - with broken tusks/teeth

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagnadanta

bhagnadanta - with broken tusks/teeth

Bahuvrihi compound: `bhagna` (broken) + `danta` (tusk/tooth).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+danta)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhañj` (to break) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)

भग्नकटान् (bhagnakaṭān) - with broken temples/hips

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagnakaṭa

bhagnakaṭa - with broken temples (of an elephant) / broken hips

Bahuvrihi compound: `bhagna` (broken) + `kaṭa` (temple/hip).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+kaṭa)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhañj` (to break) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• kaṭa – temple (of an elephant), hip, side
  noun (masculine)

भग्नसक्तान् (bhagnasaktān) - with broken thighs

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagnasaktha

bhagnasaktha - with broken thighs

Bahuvrihi compound: `bhagna` (broken) + `saktha` (thigh).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+saktha)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhañj` (to break) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• saktha – thigh, hip
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Joins the list of conditions.

वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, defender, protector

From root `vṛ` (to cover, ward off, restrain).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: The main noun being described.

भग्नपृष्ठान् (bhagnapṛṣṭhān) - with broken backs

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagnapṛṣṭha

bhagnapṛṣṭha - with broken backs

Bahuvrihi compound: `bhagna` (broken) + `pṛṣṭha` (back).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+pṛṣṭha)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhañj` (to break) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• pṛṣṭha – back, rear
  noun (neuter)

भग्नकुम्भान् (bhagnakumbhān) - with broken frontal bosses (of an elephant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagnakumbha

bhagnakumbha - with broken frontal bosses (of an elephant)

Bahuvrihi compound: `bhagna` (broken) + `kumbha` (frontal boss).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhagna+kumbha)

• bhagna – broken, shattered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `bhañj` (to break) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: bhañj (class 7)
• kumbha – frontal boss (of an elephant), pot, pitcher
  noun (masculine)

निहतान् (nihatān) - slain, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `han` (to strike/kill) with prefix `ni`, `kta` suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

पर्वतोपमान् (parvatopamān) - mountain-like, resembling mountains

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parvatopama

parvatopama - mountain-like, resembling mountains

Tatpuruṣa compound: `parvata` (mountain) + `upama` (resembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+upama)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, similarity, resembling
  adjective