महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-50

वमन्तो रुधिरं चान्ये भिन्नकुम्भा महागजाः ।
विह्वलन्तो गता भूमिं शैला इव धरातले ॥५०॥

50. vamanto rudhiraṁ cānye bhinnakumbhā mahāgajāḥ ,
vihvalanto gatā bhūmiṁ śailā iva dharātale.

50. vamantaḥ rudhiram ca anye bhinnakumbhāḥ mahāgajāḥ
vihvalantaḥ gatāḥ bhūmim śailāḥ iva dharātale

50. ca anye bhinnakumbhāḥ mahāgajāḥ rudhiram vamantaḥ
vihvalantaḥ dharātale śailāḥ iva bhūmim gatāḥ

50. And other great elephants, with shattered temples, vomiting blood and staggering, fell to the ground like mountains collapsing upon the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• वमन्तः (vamantaḥ) - vomiting blood (vomiting, spewing)

• रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अन्ये (anye) - other (elephants) (others, other ones)

• भिन्नकुम्भाः (bhinnakumbhāḥ) - with shattered temples (of elephants)

• महागजाः (mahāgajāḥ) - great elephants, huge elephants

• विह्वलन्तः (vihvalantaḥ) - staggering (from wounds) (staggering, reeling, distressed, trembling)

• गताः (gatāḥ) - fell, gone to (gone, reached, fallen)

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the ground (earth, ground, land)

• शैलाः (śailāḥ) - mountains, rocks

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• धरातले (dharātale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

Words meanings and morphology

वमन्तः (vamantaḥ) - vomiting blood (vomiting, spewing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vamat

vamat - vomiting, ejecting

Present Active Participle

From root vam (to vomit).

Root: vam (class 1)

Note: Modifies anye mahāgajāḥ.

रुधिरम् (rudhiram) - blood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rudhira

rudhira - blood, red

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous verse or preceding actions.

अन्ये (anye) - other (elephants) (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: Refers to other elephants.

भिन्नकुम्भाः (bhinnakumbhāḥ) - with shattered temples (of elephants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhinnakumbha

bhinnakumbha - having shattered temples (of elephants)

Bahuvrīhi compound of bhinna (P.P.P. of bhid) and kumbha (temple of an elephant).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhinna+kumbha)

• bhinna – broken, shattered, pierced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhid (to break, cleave).
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• kumbha – pot, jar; frontal globe/temple of an elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies mahāgajāḥ.

महागजाः (mahāgajāḥ) - great elephants, huge elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - great elephant, huge elephant

Karmadhāraya compound of mahā (great) and gaja (elephant).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+gaja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विह्वलन्तः (vihvalantaḥ) - staggering (from wounds) (staggering, reeling, distressed, trembling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vihvalat

vihvalat - staggering, reeling, trembling, confused

Present Active Participle

From root hval (to move, err) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Modifies mahāgajāḥ.

गताः (gatāḥ) - fell, gone to (gone, reached, fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, fallen

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies mahāgajāḥ, indicating they fell.

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - to the ground (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

शैलाः (śailāḥ) - mountains, rocks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock, hill

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

धरातले (dharātale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharātala

dharātala - surface of the earth, ground

Tatpuruṣa compound of dharā (earth) and tala (surface).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharā+tala)

• dharā – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhṛ (to bear, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• tala – surface, plain, palm of hand, sole of foot
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where the mountains fall.