महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-37

पृष्ठं भीमस्य रक्षन्तः शरवर्षेण वारणान् ।
अभ्यधावन्त वर्षन्तो मेघा इव गिरीन्यथा ॥३७॥

37. pṛṣṭhaṁ bhīmasya rakṣantaḥ śaravarṣeṇa vāraṇān ,
abhyadhāvanta varṣanto meghā iva girīnyathā.

37. pṛṣṭham bhīmasya rakṣantaḥ śaravarṣeṇa vāraṇān
abhyadhāvanta varṣantaḥ meghāḥ iva girīn yathā

37. bhīmasya pṛṣṭham rakṣantaḥ śaravarṣeṇa varṣantaḥ
yathā meghāḥ girīn iva vāraṇān abhyadhāvanta

37. Protecting Bhima's back, they rushed towards the elephants, showering them with arrows, just as clouds pour rain upon mountains.

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - back (of Bhima) (back, rear, surface)

• भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima (the Pandava hero) (of Bhima)

• रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting (Bhima's back) (protecting, guarding)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows (as a means of attack) (by a rain of arrows)

• वारणान् (vāraṇān) - the enemy elephants (elephants)

• अभ्यधावन्त (abhyadhāvanta) - (they) attacked (the elephants) (they rushed towards, attacked)

• वर्षन्तः (varṣantaḥ) - showering (arrows) (raining, showering)

• मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds (in the simile) (clouds)

• इव (iva) - like (in a simile) (like, as, as if)

• गिरीन् (girīn) - mountains (in the simile) (mountains)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (in a simile) (just as, as)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्ठम् (pṛṣṭham) - back (of Bhima) (back, rear, surface)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, rear, surface, page

Root: pṛṣ (class 6)

भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima (the Pandava hero) (of Bhima)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful; name of a Pandava hero

Root: bhī (class 3)

रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting (Bhima's back) (protecting, guarding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣat

rakṣat - protecting, guarding

Present Active Participle

Derived from √rakṣ (to protect) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject (Pandava warriors).

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - by a rain of arrows (as a means of attack) (by a rain of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 6)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

वारणान् (vāraṇān) - the enemy elephants (elephants)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant; defender, protector; obstacle

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of the verb abhyadhāvanta.

अभ्यधावन्त (abhyadhāvanta) - (they) attacked (the elephants) (they rushed towards, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyadhāvanta

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice

augment a- + upasarga abhi + upasarga ā + root dhāv + middle ending anta

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: The active form would be abhyadhāvan. The middle implies 'they rushed for themselves' or 'they attacked'.

वर्षन्तः (varṣantaḥ) - showering (arrows) (raining, showering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varṣat

varṣat - raining, showering

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vṛṣ (to rain, to shower) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds (in the simile) (clouds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud

Root: mih (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - like (in a simile) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

गिरीन् (girīn) - mountains (in the simile) (mountains)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of the implied verb 'pour rain upon'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (in a simile) (just as, as)

(indeclinable)