महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-42

मागधोऽथ महीपालो गजमैरावतोपमम् ।
प्रेषयामास समरे सौभद्रस्य रथं प्रति ॥४२॥

42. māgadho'tha mahīpālo gajamairāvatopamam ,
preṣayāmāsa samare saubhadrasya rathaṁ prati.

42. māgadhaḥ atha mahīpālaḥ gajam airāvata-upamam
preṣayāmāsa samare saubhadrasya ratham prati

42. atha māgadhaḥ mahīpālaḥ samare airāvata-upamam
gajam saubhadrasya ratham prati preṣayāmāsa

42. Then the king (mahīpāla) of Magadha sent an elephant resembling Airāvata towards Saubhadra's chariot in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the king of Magadha (a king of Magadha, belonging to Magadha)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

• गजम् (gajam) - elephant

• ऐरावत-उपमम् (airāvata-upamam) - an elephant resembling Airāvata (resembling Airāvata)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent, he dispatched

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - of Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in the direction of

Words meanings and morphology

मागधः (māgadhaḥ) - the king of Magadha (a king of Magadha, belonging to Magadha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native or king of Magadha

Derived from Magadha (region)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

गजम् (gajam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

ऐरावत-उपमम् (airāvata-upamam) - an elephant resembling Airāvata (resembling Airāvata)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of airāvata-upama

airāvata-upama - like Airāvata, resembling Airāvata

Compound type : tatpurusha (airāvata+upama)

• airāvata – Airāvata (Indra's elephant, mythical elephant)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, resembling, equal
  adjective (masculine)

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent, he dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of preṣayāmāsa

Periphrastic perfect of causative 'iṣ' (to send) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

सौभद्रस्य (saubhadrasya) - of Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in the direction of

(indeclinable)