महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-32

आपतन्तं च तं दृष्ट्वा गजानीकं वृकोदरः ।
गदापाणिरवारोहद्रथात्सिंह इवोन्नदन् ॥३२॥

32. āpatantaṁ ca taṁ dṛṣṭvā gajānīkaṁ vṛkodaraḥ ,
gadāpāṇiravārohadrathātsiṁha ivonnadan.

32. āpatantaṃ ca taṃ dṛṣṭvā gajānīkaṃ vṛkodaraḥ
gadāpāṇiḥ avārohat rathāt siṃhaḥ iva unnadan

32. ca vṛkodaraḥ gadāpāṇiḥ āpatantaṃ taṃ gajānīkaṃ
dṛṣṭvā unnadan siṃhaḥ iva rathāt avārohat

32. And seeing that approaching elephant army, Vrikodara (Bhimasena), holding his mace, dismounted from his chariot, roaring like a lion.

Words meanings summery:

• आपतन्तं (āpatantaṁ) - approaching (approaching, falling upon, rushing down)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• तं (taṁ) - that (elephant army) (that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• गजानीकं (gajānīkaṁ) - elephant army (elephant army, host of elephants)

• वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vrikodara (Bhimasena) (Vrikodara (Bhimasena), wolf-bellied)

• गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - holding his mace (mace-in-hand, holding a mace)

• अवारोहत् (avārohat) - he dismounted (he descended, he dismounted)

• रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion (lion)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• उन्नदन् (unnadan) - roaring (roaring, thundering, shouting)

Words meanings and morphology

आपतन्तं (āpatantaṁ) - approaching (approaching, falling upon, rushing down)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āpatat

āpatat - falling, descending, approaching, rushing

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'gajānīkaṃ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तं (taṁ) - that (elephant army) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the elephant army.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś (to see) with suffix ktvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

गजानीकं (gajānīkaṁ) - elephant army (elephant army, host of elephants)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gajānīka

gajānīka - elephant army, host of elephants

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+anīka)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array, military force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vrikodara (Bhimasena) (Vrikodara (Bhimasena), wolf-bellied)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - Vrikodara (an epithet of Bhimasena, meaning "wolf-bellied", referring to his insatiable appetite)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'avārohat'.

गदापाणिः (gadāpāṇiḥ) - holding his mace (mace-in-hand, holding a mace)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gadāpāṇi

gadāpāṇi - mace-in-hand, holding a mace

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gadā+pāṇi)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for Bhimasena.

अवारोहत् (avārohat) - he dismounted (he descended, he dismounted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ruh

Imperfect active

From root ruh with prefix ava. 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from his chariot (from the chariot)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Indicates the source of descent.

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion (lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Object of comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उन्नदन् (unnadan) - roaring (roaring, thundering, shouting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of unnadat

unnadat - roaring, shouting, making a loud noise

Present Active Participle

From root nad (to roar) with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Adjective for Bhimasena.