महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-43

तमापतन्तं संप्रेक्ष्य मागधस्य गजोत्तमम् ।
जघानैकेषुणा वीरः सौभद्रः परवीरहा ॥४३॥

43. tamāpatantaṁ saṁprekṣya māgadhasya gajottamam ,
jaghānaikeṣuṇā vīraḥ saubhadraḥ paravīrahā.

43. tam āpatantam samprekṣya māgadhasya gaja-uttamam
jaghāna eka-iṣuṇā vīraḥ saubhadraḥ para-vīra-hā

43. vīraḥ saubhadraḥ para-vīra-hā tam āpatantam
māgadhasya gaja-uttamam samprekṣya eka-iṣuṇā jaghāna

43. Upon seeing that magnificent elephant of the Magadha king approaching, the heroic Saubhadra, the slayer of enemy heroes, struck it down with a single arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (elephant) (him, that)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - the approaching elephant (approaching, coming near)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed well

• मागधस्य (māgadhasya) - of the king belonging to Magadha (of the Magadha king, of Magadha)

• गज-उत्तमम् (gaja-uttamam) - best of elephants, magnificent elephant

• जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he struck

• एक-इषुणा (eka-iṣuṇā) - with a single arrow

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the heroic Saubhadra (hero, warrior)

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)

• पर-वीर-हा (para-vīra-hā) - slayer of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (elephant) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - the approaching elephant (approaching, coming near)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, coming near

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'pat' (to fall, fly) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having seen, having observed well

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मागधस्य (māgadhasya) - of the king belonging to Magadha (of the Magadha king, of Magadha)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native or king of Magadha

Derived from Magadha (region)

गज-उत्तमम् (gaja-uttamam) - best of elephants, magnificent elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gajottama

gajottama - best of elephants

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+uttama)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of jaghāna

Root: han (class 2)

एक-इषुणा (eka-iṣuṇā) - with a single arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka-iṣu

eka-iṣu - a single arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+iṣu)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral (masculine)
• iṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the heroic Saubhadra (hero, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant, warrior

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)

Patronymic from Subhadrā

पर-वीर-हा (para-vīra-hā) - slayer of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of hostile heroes

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave, valiant
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from the root 'han' (to kill)
  Root: han (class 2)