महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-58, verse-31

दुर्योधनस्तु संक्रुद्धो मागधं समचोदयत् ।
अनीकं दशसाहस्रं कुञ्जराणां तरस्विनाम् ।
मागधं पुरतः कृत्वा भीमसेनं समभ्ययात् ॥३१॥

31. duryodhanastu saṁkruddho māgadhaṁ samacodayat ,
anīkaṁ daśasāhasraṁ kuñjarāṇāṁ tarasvinām ,
māgadhaṁ purataḥ kṛtvā bhīmasenaṁ samabhyayāt.

31. duryodhanaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ māgadhaṃ
samacodayat anīkaṃ daśasāhasraṃ
kuñjarāṇāṃ tarasvinām māgadhaṃ
purataḥ kṛtvā bhīmasenaṃ samabhyayāt

31. tu saṃkruddhaḥ duryodhanaḥ māgadhaṃ samacodayat.
māgadhaṃ purataḥ kṛtvā daśasāhasraṃ tarasvinām kuñjarāṇāṃ anīkaṃ bhīmasenaṃ samabhyayāt.

31. But Duryodhana, greatly enraged, urged Magadha. Then, placing Magadha at the forefront, he advanced towards Bhimasena with a ten-thousand-strong army of mighty elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (greatly enraged, very angry)

• मागधं (māgadhaṁ) - Magadha (a commander) (Magadha (a person, king, or commander from Magadha region))

• समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged (he urged, he incited, he propelled)

• अनीकं (anīkaṁ) - army (army, host, military force)

• दशसाहस्रं (daśasāhasraṁ) - ten thousand-strong (ten thousand, numbering ten thousand)

• कुञ्जराणां (kuñjarāṇāṁ) - of elephants

• तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of mighty ones (elephants) (of mighty ones, of swift ones)

• मागधं (māgadhaṁ) - Magadha (a commander) (Magadha (a person, king, or commander from Magadha region))

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - at the forefront (in front, before, ahead)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (having done, having made, having placed)

• भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhimasena

• समभ्ययात् (samabhyayāt) - he advanced towards (he advanced towards, he went against, he approached)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (greatly enraged, very angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, very angry, highly incensed

Past Passive Participle

From sam-krudh (to be angry).

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Adjective for Duryodhana.

मागधं (māgadhaṁ) - Magadha (a commander) (Magadha (a person, king, or commander from Magadha region))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native of Magadha; a king or commander of Magadha; a bard

From Magadha (region).

समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged (he urged, he incited, he propelled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect active, causative

From root cud with prefix sam. 3rd person singular.

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 1)

अनीकं (anīkaṁ) - army (army, host, military force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anīka

anīka - army, host, array, military force, face, front

Note: Refers to the elephant army.

दशसाहस्रं (daśasāhasraṁ) - ten thousand-strong (ten thousand, numbering ten thousand)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daśasāhasra

daśasāhasra - ten thousand, numbering ten thousand

Compound type : tatpurusha (daśa+sāhasra)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• sāhasra – thousand; consisting of a thousand
  noun (neuter)

कुञ्जराणां (kuñjarāṇāṁ) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (literally "one who sports in thickets/groves")

Note: Modifies 'anīkaṃ'.

तरस्विनाम् (tarasvinām) - of mighty ones (elephants) (of mighty ones, of swift ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tarasvin

tarasvin - swift, quick, strong, mighty, powerful, vigorous

From taras (speed, energy) + vin (possessive suffix).

Note: Adjective for 'kuñjarāṇāṃ'.

मागधं (māgadhaṁ) - Magadha (a commander) (Magadha (a person, king, or commander from Magadha region))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māgadha

māgadha - a native of Magadha; a king or commander of Magadha; a bard

From Magadha (region).

पुरतः (purataḥ) - at the forefront (in front, before, ahead)

(indeclinable)

From puras with ablative suffix tas.

Note: Modifies 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kṛ with suffix ktvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भीमसेनं (bhīmasenaṁ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of the second Pandava brother)

समभ्ययात् (samabhyayāt) - he advanced towards (he advanced towards, he went against, he approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of i

Imperfect active

From root i (to go) with prefixes sam-abhi. 3rd person singular.

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: i (class 2)