महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-5

द्रुपदो वर्धयन्मानं शिखण्डिपरिपालितः ।
उपायात्सर्वसैन्यानां प्रतिच्छाद्य तदा वपुः ॥५॥

5. drupado vardhayanmānaṁ śikhaṇḍiparipālitaḥ ,
upāyātsarvasainyānāṁ praticchādya tadā vapuḥ.

5. drupadaḥ vardhayan mānam śikhaṇḍiparipālitaḥ
upāyāt sarvasainyānām praticchādya tadā vapuḥ

5. Drupada, enhancing his dignity and guarded by Śikhaṇḍī, then approached, having concealed his true form, on behalf of all the armies.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (king of Pañcāla)

• वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - enhancing, increasing (increasing, causing to grow)

• मानम् (mānam) - honor, dignity, prestige (honor, pride, respect, dignity)

• शिखण्डिपरिपालितः (śikhaṇḍiparipālitaḥ) - guarded by Śikhaṇḍī (protected by Śikhaṇḍī)

• उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached (he approached, he went near)

• सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - on behalf of all the armies (of all armies, of all forces)

• प्रतिच्छाद्य (praticchādya) - concealing (having covered, having concealed)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• वपुः (vapuḥ) - his true form (body, form, figure)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada (king of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (name of a king)

वर्धयन् (vardhayan) - enhancing, increasing (increasing, causing to grow)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vardhayat

vardhayat - increasing, causing to grow

Present Active Participle (causative)

From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase) in causative (vardhayati).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

मानम् (mānam) - honor, dignity, prestige (honor, pride, respect, dignity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māna

māna - honor, pride, respect, dignity, measure, estimation

Root: man (class 4)

शिखण्डिपरिपालितः (śikhaṇḍiparipālitaḥ) - guarded by Śikhaṇḍī (protected by Śikhaṇḍī)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍiparipālita

śikhaṇḍiparipālita - protected by Śikhaṇḍī

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śikhaṇḍin+paripālita)

• śikhaṇḍin – name of a warrior, son of Drupada, who was originally Amba
  proper noun (masculine)
• paripālita – protected, guarded, preserved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (causative)
  From pari- + root √pā (to protect) + causative (pālayati).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: pā (class 2)

उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached (he approached, he went near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfective (luṅ) of gam

Aorist tense, third person singular

Root √i (to go) preceded by upa and ā. This is an Aorist (Luṅ) form of upa-ā-√i.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: i (class 2)

सर्वसैन्यानाम् (sarvasainyānām) - on behalf of all the armies (of all armies, of all forces)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - all armies, all forces

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, military force
  noun (neuter)
  From senā (army).

प्रतिच्छाद्य (praticchādya) - concealing (having covered, having concealed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prati- + root √chad (to cover) in causative (chādayati), with suffix -ya after upasarga.

Prefix: prati

Root: chad (class 10)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From demonstrative pronoun 'tad'.

वपुः (vapuḥ) - his true form (body, form, figure)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vapus

vapus - body, form, figure, shape, a beautiful form

From root √vap (to sow, strew).

Root: vap (class 1)