महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
कांस्तत्र संजयापश्यः प्रत्यर्थेन समागतान् ।
ये योत्स्यन्ते पाण्डवार्थे पुत्रस्य मम वाहिनीम् ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
kāṁstatra saṁjayāpaśyaḥ pratyarthena samāgatān ,
ye yotsyante pāṇḍavārthe putrasya mama vāhinīm.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | kān tatra sañjaya apaśyaḥ pratyarthena
samāgatān | ye yotsyante pāṇḍavārthe putrasya mama vāhinīm

1. Dhritarashtra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) said: 'O Sanjaya (Sañjaya), whom did you see there, assembled against the opposing side, who would fight for the sake of the Pandavas (Pāṇḍavas) against my son's army?'

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कान् (kān) - whom, what (plural)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya

• अपश्यः (apaśyaḥ) - you saw

• प्रत्यर्थेन (pratyarthena) - against the opposing side (Duryodhana's army) (by the adversary, against the opponent)

• समागतान् (samāgatān) - those who had assembled (assembled, gathered, arrived)

• ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

• योत्स्यन्ते (yotsyante) - they will fight

• पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pandavas

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of my son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - army, host, troop

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (name of the blind king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कान् (kān) - whom, what (plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and narrator)

अपश्यः (apaśyaḥ) - you saw

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root form is 'dṛś', but 'paś' is used in present/imperfect stems

Root: dṛś (class 1)

प्रत्यर्थेन (pratyarthena) - against the opposing side (Duryodhana's army) (by the adversary, against the opponent)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pratyarthin

pratyarthin - opponent, adversary, rival

From 'prati' (against) + 'arthin' (requester, contender)

Prefix: prati

Root: arth (class 10)

समागतान् (samāgatān) - those who had assembled (assembled, gathered, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, come together, arrived, met

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam' + 'ā' + root 'gam' (to go)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

योत्स्यन्ते (yotsyante) - they will fight

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

पाण्डवार्थे (pāṇḍavārthe) - for the sake of the Pandavas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavārtha

pāṇḍavārtha - for the sake of the Pandavas, for the purpose of the Pandavas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+artha)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pandu, Pandava
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Pandu
• artha – sake, purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of my son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my, our

वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - army, host, troop

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāhinī

vāhinī - army, host, troop, stream

Root: vah (class 1)