महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-13

ज्येष्ठस्य पाण्डुपुत्रस्य भागो मद्राधिपो बली ।
तौ तु तत्राब्रुवन्केचिद्विषमौ नो मताविति ॥१३॥

13. jyeṣṭhasya pāṇḍuputrasya bhāgo madrādhipo balī ,
tau tu tatrābruvankecidviṣamau no matāviti.

13. jyeṣṭhasya pāṇḍuputrasya bhāgaḥ madrādhipaḥ balī
tau tu tatra abruvan kecit viṣamau naḥ matau iti

13. The powerful king of Madra (Shalya) is assigned as the division for Pandu's eldest son (Yudhishthira). However, some people there remarked, 'In our opinion, these two (matchups) are unequal.'

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठस्य (jyeṣṭhasya) - Of Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (of the eldest)

• पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - Of Yudhishthira. (of the son of Pandu)

• भागः (bhāgaḥ) - The assigned opponent or battle division. (share, portion, division)

• मद्राधिपः (madrādhipaḥ) - Referring to Shalya, the powerful king of Madra and maternal uncle of the Pandavas, who fought for the Kauravas. (king of Madra)

• बली (balī) - Describing King Shalya. (powerful, strong, mighty)

• तौ (tau) - Refers to the two pairings or matchups mentioned (Bhishma-Shikhandi and Yudhishthira-Shalya). (these two, those two (masculine nominative dual))

• तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting idea or a slight shift in topic. (but, indeed, however)

• तत्र (tatra) - Referring to the assembly or gathering where these assignments were discussed. (there, in that place)

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - Referring to some people's comment regarding the battle assignments. (they said)

• केचित् (kecit) - Some unspecified individuals among those present. (some, certain ones)

• विषमौ (viṣamau) - Referring to the matchups as unbalanced or unfair. (uneven, unequal, difficult)

• नः (naḥ) - Meaning 'in our opinion' or 'to us'. (to us, our, by us)

• मतौ (matau) - Used idiomatically to mean 'in (our) opinion'. (in the opinion, in the thought)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of direct speech or a thought. (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठस्य (jyeṣṭhasya) - Of Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (of the eldest)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior, best

superlative

Superlative degree of 'vṛddha' (old).

पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - Of Yudhishthira. (of the son of Pandu)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound of 'pāṇḍu' (Pandu) and 'putra' (son).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name), pale
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

भागः (bhāgaḥ) - The assigned opponent or battle division. (share, portion, division)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, division, part, lot

Root: bhaj

मद्राधिपः (madrādhipaḥ) - Referring to Shalya, the powerful king of Madra and maternal uncle of the Pandavas, who fought for the Kauravas. (king of Madra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrādhipa

madrādhipa - lord of Madra, king of Madra

Compound of 'madra' (Madra kingdom) and 'adhipa' (ruler).

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+adhipa)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, king
  noun (masculine)
  From 'adhi' (over) + root 'pā' (to protect).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

बली (balī) - Describing King Shalya. (powerful, strong, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty, valiant

From 'bala' (strength) with the 'in' suffix.

तौ (tau) - Refers to the two pairings or matchups mentioned (Bhishma-Shikhandi and Yudhishthira-Shalya). (these two, those two (masculine nominative dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - Introduces a contrasting idea or a slight shift in topic. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - Referring to the assembly or gathering where these assignments were discussed. (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb from the pronoun 'tad'.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - Referring to some people's comment regarding the battle assignments. (they said)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice. Formed with augment 'a-'.

Root: brū (class 2)

केचित् (kecit) - Some unspecified individuals among those present. (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kimcid

kimcid - some, a certain, anything

Indefinite pronoun formed from 'ka' (who) with the enclitic 'cid'.

विषमौ (viṣamau) - Referring to the matchups as unbalanced or unfair. (uneven, unequal, difficult)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, unequal, difficult, arduous, abnormal

Note: Agrees with the implied 'tau' (these two matchups).

नः (naḥ) - Meaning 'in our opinion' or 'to us'. (to us, our, by us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Enclitic form of the first person plural pronoun.

मतौ (matau) - Used idiomatically to mean 'in (our) opinion'. (in the opinion, in the thought)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - opinion, thought, intention, mind, counsel

From root 'man' (to think) with the 'ti' suffix.

Root: man (class 4)

इति (iti) - Marks the end of direct speech or a thought. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)