महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-12

भीष्मः शांतनवो राजन्भागः कॢप्तः शिखण्डिनः ।
तं विराटोऽनु संयाता सह मत्स्यैः प्रहारिभिः ॥१२॥

12. bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavo rājanbhāgaḥ kḷptaḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ ,
taṁ virāṭo'nu saṁyātā saha matsyaiḥ prahāribhiḥ.

12. bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ rājan bhāgaḥ kḷptaḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ
tam virāṭaḥ anu saṃyātā saha matsyaiḥ prahāribhiḥ

12. O King, Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, is designated for Shikhandi's division. King Virata, accompanied by the Matsya warriors, will follow that (division).

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The revered grandfather of the Kuru princes and a central figure in the Mahabharata war. (Bhishma, the formidable warrior)

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Referring to Bhishma, who was the son of King Shantanu. (son of Shantanu)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O King)

• भागः (bhāgaḥ) - The designated division or opponent in battle. (share, portion, division)

• कॢप्तः (kḷptaḥ) - Designated or assigned (as a division or opponent). (arranged, assigned, made ready)

• शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - Referring to Shikhandi, a warrior in the Mahabharata, against whom Bhishma had a special vow. (of Shikhandi)

• तम् (tam) - Referring to the division (bhāga) or to Shikhandi's division. (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - The king of the Matsya kingdom, an ally of the Pandavas. (King Virata)

• अनु (anu) - Following or accompanying. (after, along, towards)

• संयाता (saṁyātā) - Referring to Virata being accompanied. The feminine singular nominative form is noteworthy given the masculine subject 'Virata', possibly indicating an implied feminine noun or a textual variation. (accompanied, gone with)

• सह (saha) - Expressing accompaniment. (with, along with)

• मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - Referring to the warriors from the Matsya kingdom. (by/with the Matsyas)

• प्रहारिभिः (prahāribhiḥ) - Describing the Matsyas as active warriors. (by/with the strikers, warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The revered grandfather of the Kuru princes and a central figure in the Mahabharata war. (Bhishma, the formidable warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), formidable, dreadful

Root: bhiṣ

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Referring to Bhishma, who was the son of King Shantanu. (son of Shantanu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu, belonging to Shantanu

Derived from 'śantanu' with the 'aṇa' suffix (patronymic).

राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhritarashtra. (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

भागः (bhāgaḥ) - The designated division or opponent in battle. (share, portion, division)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāga

bhāga - share, portion, division, part, lot

Root: bhaj

कॢप्तः (kḷptaḥ) - Designated or assigned (as a division or opponent). (arranged, assigned, made ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kḷpta

kḷpta - arranged, prepared, assigned, created, made

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kḷp' (to be in order, to form) + 'ta' suffix.

Root: kḷp (class 1)

शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - Referring to Shikhandi, a warrior in the Mahabharata, against whom Bhishma had a special vow. (of Shikhandi)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhandi (proper name), one with a crest or plume

तम् (tam) - Referring to the division (bhāga) or to Shikhandi's division. (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - The king of the Matsya kingdom, an ally of the Pandavas. (King Virata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virata (proper name), sovereign, splendid

अनु (anu) - Following or accompanying. (after, along, towards)

(indeclinable)

संयाता (saṁyātā) - Referring to Virata being accompanied. The feminine singular nominative form is noteworthy given the masculine subject 'Virata', possibly indicating an implied feminine noun or a textual variation. (accompanied, gone with)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃyāta

saṁyāta - accompanied, gone together, assembled, united

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'sam'. Formed with 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: yā (class 2)

सह (saha) - Expressing accompaniment. (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - Referring to the warriors from the Matsya kingdom. (by/with the Matsyas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - a fish, the Matsya kingdom, people of Matsya

प्रहारिभिः (prahāribhiḥ) - Describing the Matsyas as active warriors. (by/with the strikers, warriors)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - striker, assailant, fighter, warrior

Agent noun/adjective

From 'pra-hṛ' (to strike) with the 'ṇin' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)