महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-54

अशुभं वा शुभं वापि हितं वा यदि वाहितम् ।
प्रवर्ततां सुहृद्द्यूतं दिष्टमेतन्न संशयः ॥५४॥

54. aśubhaṁ vā śubhaṁ vāpi hitaṁ vā yadi vāhitam ,
pravartatāṁ suhṛddyūtaṁ diṣṭametanna saṁśayaḥ.

54. aśubham vā śubham vā api hitam vā yadi vā ahitam
pravartatām suhṛt dyūtam diṣṭam etat na saṃśayaḥ

54. Whether inauspicious or auspicious, beneficial or harmful, let this friendly game of dice proceed. This is destined; there is no doubt about it.

Words meanings summery:

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (inauspicious, bad, evil)

• वा (vā) - or

• शुभम् (śubham) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (auspicious, good)

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even if, although

• हितम् (hitam) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (beneficial, salutary, good)

• वा (vā) - or

• यदि (yadi) - if

• वा (vā) - or

• अहितम् (ahitam) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (harmful, not beneficial)

• प्रवर्तताम् (pravartatām) - let it proceed, let it begin, let it take place

• सुहृत् (suhṛt) - Adjective modifying 'dyūtam' (game of dice). (friendly, good-hearted)

• द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling, game of dice

• दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destined, fated, appointed

• एतत् (etat) - this

• न (na) - not, no

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

अशुभम् (aśubham) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (inauspicious, bad, evil)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, unfortunate, evil, bad

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'śubha'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śubha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śubha – auspicious, good, beautiful
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used substantively.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective.

शुभम् (śubham) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (auspicious, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, propitious

Note: Used substantively.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective.

अपि (api) - also, even if, although

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding 'vā'.

हितम् (hitam) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (beneficial, salutary, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, advantageous, salutary, good, placed, set

Past Passive Participle

From √dhā (to place, put)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Used substantively.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Conditional conjunction.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective.

अहितम् (ahitam) - Referring to the outcome of the dice game. (harmful, not beneficial)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ahita

ahita - harmful, disadvantageous, unfriendly, hostile

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'hita' (from √dhā)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hita – beneficial, salutary, placed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Used substantively.

प्रवर्तताम् (pravartatām) - let it proceed, let it begin, let it take place

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of √vṛt

Imperative middle, 3rd person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सुहृत् (suhṛt) - Adjective modifying 'dyūtam' (game of dice). (friendly, good-hearted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, good-hearted, benevolent

From su (good) + hṛd (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

Note: In this context, it is part of the compound 'suhṛddyūtam'.

द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling, game of dice

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dyūta

dyūta - gambling, game of dice, a wager

Past Passive Participle

From √div (to play, to gamble)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'pravartatām'. Forms a compound 'suhṛd-dyūtam'.

दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destined, fated, appointed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - fated, destined, appointed, ordered

Past Passive Participle

From √diś (to point out, to appoint)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'etat'.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'asti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From sam + √śī (to lie down, hesitate)

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative with implied 'asti' (is).