महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-29

उत्तरं तु न गच्छन्ति विना तात पतत्रिभिः ।
इदं चाद्भुतमत्रासीत्तन्मे निगदतः शृणु ॥२९॥

29. uttaraṁ tu na gacchanti vinā tāta patatribhiḥ ,
idaṁ cādbhutamatrāsīttanme nigadataḥ śṛṇu.

29. uttaraṃ tu na gacchanti vinā tāta patatribhiḥ
idaṃ ca adbhutaṃ atra āsīt tat me nigadataḥ śṛṇu

29. O dear one (tāta), they do not, however, go north without birds. And this was a wonder here; listen to that as I relate it.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरं (uttaraṁ) - to the northern direction/region, north

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• न (na) - not, no

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they move

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O child

• पतत्रिभिः (patatribhiḥ) - by birds, with birds

• इदं (idaṁ) - this, this one

• च (ca) - and, also

• अद्भुतं (adbhutaṁ) - wonderful, amazing, a wonder

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my, from me

• निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - of one speaking, while speaking, describing

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरं (uttaraṁ) - to the northern direction/region, north

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, upper, later, subsequent

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'northwards'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they move

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of gam

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs accusative, instrumental, or ablative case.

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O child

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, child

Note: A term of endearment.

पतत्रिभिः (patatribhiḥ) - by birds, with birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patatrin

patatrin - bird, winged creature

इदं (idaṁ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अद्भुतं (adbhutaṁ) - wonderful, amazing, a wonder

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, marvellous; a wonder, miracle

Note: Can also be accusative singular.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place, in this matter

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of śṛṇu.

मे (me) - to me, for me, my, from me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also be dative singular.

निगदतः (nigadataḥ) - of one speaking, while speaking, describing

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nigadat

nigadat - speaking, narrating, describing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root gad (1st class) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Functions as an attribute to an implied 'me'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, active voice

Root: śru (class 5)