महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-28

गृहीत्वा तत्तु गच्छन्ति समुद्रौ पूर्वदक्षिणौ ।
तथैव पश्चिमं यान्ति गृहीत्वा भरतर्षभ ॥२८॥

28. gṛhītvā tattu gacchanti samudrau pūrvadakṣiṇau ,
tathaiva paścimaṁ yānti gṛhītvā bharatarṣabha.

28. gṛhītvā tat tu gacchanti samudrau pūrvadakṣiṇau
tathā eva paścimaṃ yānti gṛhītvā bharatarṣabha

28. O best among the Bharatas (bharatarṣabha), taking that, they proceed to the eastern and southern oceans. Similarly, they journey west, also taking it.

Words meanings summery:

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, taking, grasping

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they move

• समुद्रौ (samudrau) - two oceans

• पूर्वदक्षिणौ (pūrvadakṣiṇau) - eastern and southern

• तथा (tathā) - in that manner, thus, so

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, even

• पश्चिमं (paścimaṁ) - to the western, westwards

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they proceed

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, taking, grasping

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, taking, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root grah (9th class) with the suffix -tvā

Root: grah (class 9)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be nominative neuter singular.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover

(indeclinable)

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go, they move

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of gam

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: gam (class 1)

समुद्रौ (samudrau) - two oceans

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

Note: Can also be nominative dual.

पूर्वदक्षिणौ (pūrvadakṣiṇau) - eastern and southern

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pūrvadakṣiṇa

pūrvadakṣiṇa - eastern and southern

Compound type : dvandva (pūrva+dakṣiṇa)

• pūrva – eastern, former, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• dakṣiṇa – southern, right
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with samudrau.

तथा (tathā) - in that manner, thus, so

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, even

(indeclinable)

पश्चिमं (paścimaṁ) - to the western, westwards

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, last

Note: Implied 'ocean' or 'region'.

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of yā

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Root: yā (class 2)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, taking, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root grah (9th class) with the suffix -tvā

Root: grah (class 9)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas, O chief of Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, chief of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)