महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-42

स हि धर्मं पुरस्कृत्य दीर्घदर्शी परं हितम् ।
उभयोः पक्षयोर्युक्तं वक्ष्यत्यर्थविनिश्चयम् ॥४२॥

42. sa hi dharmaṁ puraskṛtya dīrghadarśī paraṁ hitam ,
ubhayoḥ pakṣayoryuktaṁ vakṣyatyarthaviniścayam.

42. sa hi dharmam puraskṛtya dīrghadarśī param hitam
ubhayoḥ pakṣayoḥ yuktam vakṣyati arthaviniścayam

42. For he (Vidura), being far-sighted and making natural law (dharma) paramount, will declare the supreme welfare (hitam) and a just decision (arthaviniścayam) that is appropriate for both parties.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Vidura (he)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, righteousness, duty

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made foremost, having honored, having placed in front

• दीर्घदर्शी (dīrghadarśī) - far-sighted, prudent, prescient

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

• हितम् (hitam) - welfare, benefit, good

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both parties (Kauravas and Pandavas) (of both)

• पक्षयोः (pakṣayoḥ) - of the two sides (Kauravas and Pandavas) (of the sides, of the parties)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, appropriate, just, suitable

• वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - he will declare, he will speak

• अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - decision on the matter, ascertainment of the affair

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Vidura (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Nominative singular masculine of tad.

Note: Refers to Vidura.

हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing affirmation or cause.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, moral law, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of puraskṛtya (made foremost).

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made foremost, having honored, having placed in front

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √kṛ (to do, to make) with upasarga puras. Ends in -ya as the root has a prefix.

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दीर्घदर्शी (dīrghadarśī) - far-sighted, prudent, prescient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghadarśin

dīrghadarśin - far-sighted, long-sighted, prudent, discerning

Compound of dīrgha (long) and darśin (seeing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dīrgha+darśin)

• dīrgha – long, extensive
  adjective
• darśin – seeing, perceiving, showing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Vidura).

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - highest, supreme, excellent, ultimate, other

Accusative singular neuter, agreeing with hitam.

Note: Adjective modifying `hitam`.

हितम् (hitam) - welfare, benefit, good

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, welfare, happiness

Past Passive Participle

From root √dhā (to place, to put), irregular participle.

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of vakṣyati.

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both parties (Kauravas and Pandavas) (of both)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Dual form of the pronominal stem ubha.

Note: Refers to the two parties in the dispute.

पक्षयोः (pakṣayoḥ) - of the two sides (Kauravas and Pandavas) (of the sides, of the parties)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of pakṣa

pakṣa - wing, side, party, faction

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, appropriate, just, suitable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, proper, suitable, engaged, controlled

Past Passive Participle

From root √yuj (to join, to yoke).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the decision.

वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - he will declare, he will speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Active

From root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject is Vidura (sa).

अर्थविनिश्चयम् (arthaviniścayam) - decision on the matter, ascertainment of the affair

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arthaviniścaya

arthaviniścaya - ascertainment of a matter, decision on a business

Compound of artha (matter) and viniścaya (decision).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+viniścaya)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, matter, affair
  noun (masculine)
• viniścaya – definite decision, ascertainment, resolution
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-nis-ci (to determine, ascertain).
  Prefixes: vi+nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Object of vakṣyati.