महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-49

अपृष्ट्वा विदुरं ह्यस्य नासीत्कश्चिद्विनिश्चयः ।
द्यूतदोषांश्च जानन्स पुत्रस्नेहादकृष्यत ॥४९॥

49. apṛṣṭvā viduraṁ hyasya nāsītkaścidviniścayaḥ ,
dyūtadoṣāṁśca jānansa putrasnehādakṛṣyata.

49. apṛṣṭvā viduram hi asya na āsīt kaścit viniścayaḥ
dyūtadoṣān ca jānan saḥ putrasnehāt akṛṣyata

49. Indeed, without consulting Vidura, there was no firm decision for him. And though he knew the faults of gambling, he was drawn [to it] by his affection for his son.

Words meanings summery:

• अपृष्ट्वा (apṛṣṭvā) - without having asked, without consulting

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अस्य (asya) - of Dhritarashtra (his, of him)

• न (na) - not

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, anyone, anything

• विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) - firm decision, resolve, ascertainment

• द्यूतदोषान् (dyūtadoṣān) - the faults of gambling

• च (ca) - and

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing

• सः (saḥ) - Dhritarashtra (he)

• पुत्रस्नेहात् (putrasnehāt) - from son-affection, due to love for his son

• अकृष्यत (akṛṣyata) - was drawn, was pulled

Words meanings and morphology

अपृष्ट्वा (apṛṣṭvā) - without having asked, without consulting

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from the root 'praś' (to ask) with the negative prefix 'a-' and the suffix 'ktvā'.

Prefix: a

Root: praś (class 6)

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of Dhritarashtra (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, anyone, anything

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścit

kaścit - any, anyone, anything, some

Derived from the interrogative pronoun 'kim' with the particle 'cit'.

विनिश्चयः (viniścayaḥ) - firm decision, resolve, ascertainment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniścaya

viniścaya - firm decision, determination, resolve, ascertainment

Derived from the root 'ci' (to collect, perceive) with prefixes 'vi-' and 'nis-'.

Prefixes: vi+nis

Root: ci (class 5)

द्यूतदोषान् (dyūtadoṣān) - the faults of gambling

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dyūtadoṣa

dyūtadoṣa - fault of gambling, vice of dice-play

Compound of dyūta (gambling) and doṣa (fault).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+doṣa)

• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √div (to play, throw dice).
  Root: div (class 4)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, error
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, aware

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the root 'jñā' (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - Dhritarashtra (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुत्रस्नेहात् (putrasnehāt) - from son-affection, due to love for his son

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of putrasneha

putrasneha - affection for a son, love for children

Compound of putra (son) and sneha (affection).

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+sneha)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: snih (class 4)

अकृष्यत (akṛṣyata) - was drawn, was pulled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of √kṛṣ

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)