महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-38

द्यूतप्रियश्च कौन्तेयो न च जानाति देवितुम् ।
आहूतश्चैष्यति व्यक्तं दीव्यावेत्याह्वयस्व तम् ॥३८॥

38. dyūtapriyaśca kaunteyo na ca jānāti devitum ,
āhūtaścaiṣyati vyaktaṁ dīvyāvetyāhvayasva tam.

38. dyūtapriyaḥ ca kaunteyaḥ na ca jānāti devitum |
āhūtaḥ ca eṣyati vyaktam divyāva iti āhvayasva tam

38. The son of Kuntī (Yudhiṣṭhira) is fond of gambling but does not know how to play it. If invited, he will certainly come. Therefore, invite him by saying, 'Let us play!'

Words meanings summery:

• द्यूतप्रियः (dyūtapriyaḥ) - fond of the game of dice (fond of gambling, gambler)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, as a son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

• देवितुम् (devitum) - to play dice, to gamble (to gamble, to play, to shine)

• आहूतः (āhūtaḥ) - being invited (Yudhiṣṭhira) (invited, called)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एष्यति (eṣyati) - will come (will go, will come)

• व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - certainly, assuredly (clearly, certainly, distinctly, manifest)

• दिव्याव (divyāva) - let us (Duryodhana and Yudhiṣṭhira) gamble (let us two play/gamble)

• इति (iti) - thus (introduces direct speech) (thus, so, saying)

• आह्वयस्व (āhvayasva) - invite him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (invite, call)

• तम् (tam) - him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

Words meanings and morphology

द्यूतप्रियः (dyūtapriyaḥ) - fond of the game of dice (fond of gambling, gambler)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dyūtapriya

dyūtapriya - fond of gambling, addicted to dice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dyūta+priya)

• dyūta – gambling, game of dice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle of div
  From root div (to play, to gamble) with suffix kta.
  Root: div (class 4)
• priya – dear, beloved, fond of
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, as a son of Kuntī (son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī, an epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Patronymic from Kuntī.

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of jñā

present tense, 3rd person singular

9th class verb.

Root: jñā (class 9)

देवितुम् (devitum) - to play dice, to gamble (to gamble, to play, to shine)

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun (kṛt pratyaya)) of div

infinitive

Infinitive form of root div (to play, to gamble).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose.

आहूतः (āhūtaḥ) - being invited (Yudhiṣṭhira) (invited, called)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhūta

āhūta - invited, called, summoned

Past Passive Participle

From ā-hvā (to call) with kta suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the implied subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एष्यति (eṣyati) - will come (will go, will come)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of i

future tense, 3rd person singular

Root i (to go), future tense.

Root: i (class 2)

व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - certainly, assuredly (clearly, certainly, distinctly, manifest)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From vi-añj (to make manifest) with kta suffix. Adverbial accusative neuter singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Accusative neuter singular, functioning as an adverb.

दिव्याव (divyāva) - let us (Duryodhana and Yudhiṣṭhira) gamble (let us two play/gamble)

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, imperative (loṭ) of div

imperative, 1st person dual

Imperative form of root div, 1st person dual.

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Expresses a proposal.

इति (iti) - thus (introduces direct speech) (thus, so, saying)

(indeclinable)

Quotation particle.

आह्वयस्व (āhvayasva) - invite him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (invite, call)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of hvā

imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice

From ā-hvā (to call, to invite), ātmanepada imperative.

Prefix: ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (Yudhiṣṭhira) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative masculine singular of tad.