महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-45

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
आर्तवाक्यं तु तत्तस्य प्रणयोक्तं निशम्य सः ।
धृतराष्ट्रोऽब्रवीत्प्रेष्यान्दुर्योधनमते स्थितः ॥४५॥

45. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ārtavākyaṁ tu tattasya praṇayoktaṁ niśamya saḥ ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro'bravītpreṣyānduryodhanamate sthitaḥ.

45. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca ārtavākyam tu tat tasya praṇayoktam
niśamya saḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ abravīt preṣyān duryodhanamate sthitaḥ

45. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard that distressed utterance of his, spoken with affection, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, being firmly aligned with Duryodhana's views, then spoke to his servants.

45. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, כששמע דְהְרְטַרָאשְׁתְרַה את דבריו המיוסרים והאוהבים של בנו, והוא נאמן לעצתו של דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה, פנה אל משרתיו ואמר,

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आर्तवाक्यम् (ārtavākyam) - distressed utterance (distressed statement, lament)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - that

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (Dhritarashtra) (his, of him, of that)

• प्रणयोक्तम् (praṇayoktam) - spoken with affection, expressed with love

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

• सः (saḥ) - he

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, told

• प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - servants, messengers

• दुर्योधनमते (duryodhanamate) - aligned with Duryodhana's views (in Duryodhana's opinion, in Duryodhana's view)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - being firmly aligned (situated, standing, being, firm)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आर्तवाक्यम् (ārtavākyam) - distressed utterance (distressed statement, lament)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārtavākya

ārtavākya - distressed speech, piteous words

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+vākya)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ 'to go, to move, to suffer' (in some contexts).
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• vākya – speech, word, statement, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - of his (Dhritarashtra) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रणयोक्तम् (praṇayoktam) - spoken with affection, expressed with love

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praṇayoukta

praṇayoukta - spoken with affection

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (praṇaya+ukta)

• praṇaya – affection, love, devotion, confidence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
• ukta – spoken, said, told
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śam 'to be quiet' with prefix ni, but here meaning 'to hear, observe'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ 'to hold, bear'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - servants, messengers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - servant, messenger, attendant

Gerundive

Derived from root iṣ 'to send' with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

दुर्योधनमते (duryodhanamate) - aligned with Duryodhana's views (in Duryodhana's opinion, in Duryodhana's view)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhanamata

duryodhanamata - Duryodhana's opinion/view

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+mata)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')
  proper noun (masculine)
• mata – opinion, thought, doctrine, view
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root man 'to think, consider'.
  Root: man (class 4)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - being firmly aligned (situated, standing, being, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, abiding

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā 'to stand'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

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