महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-45, verse-45

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
आर्तवाक्यं तु तत्तस्य प्रणयोक्तं निशम्य सः ।
धृतराष्ट्रोऽब्रवीत्प्रेष्यान्दुर्योधनमते स्थितः ॥४५॥

45. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ārtavākyaṁ tu tattasya praṇayoktaṁ niśamya saḥ ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro'bravītpreṣyānduryodhanamate sthitaḥ.

45. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca ārtavākyam tu tat tasya praṇayoktam
niśamya saḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ abravīt preṣyān duryodhanamate sthitaḥ

45. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard that distressed utterance of his, spoken with affection, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, being firmly aligned with Duryodhana's views, then spoke to his servants.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आर्तवाक्यम् (ārtavākyam) - distressed utterance (distressed statement, lament)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत् (tat) - that

• तस्य (tasya) - of his (Dhritarashtra) (his, of him, of that)

• प्रणयोक्तम् (praṇayoktam) - spoken with affection, expressed with love

• निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

• सः (saḥ) - he

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, told

• प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - servants, messengers

• दुर्योधनमते (duryodhanamate) - aligned with Duryodhana's views (in Duryodhana's opinion, in Duryodhana's view)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - being firmly aligned (situated, standing, being, firm)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आर्तवाक्यम् (ārtavākyam) - distressed utterance (distressed statement, lament)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārtavākya

ārtavākya - distressed speech, piteous words

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+vākya)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ 'to go, to move, to suffer' (in some contexts).
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• vākya – speech, word, statement, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - of his (Dhritarashtra) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रणयोक्तम् (praṇayoktam) - spoken with affection, expressed with love

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praṇayoukta

praṇayoukta - spoken with affection

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (praṇaya+ukta)

• praṇaya – affection, love, devotion, confidence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
• ukta – spoken, said, told
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vac 'to speak'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śam 'to be quiet' with prefix ni, but here meaning 'to hear, observe'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name, 'he who holds the kingdom')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ 'to hold, bear'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said, told

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रेष्यान् (preṣyān) - servants, messengers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - servant, messenger, attendant

Gerundive

Derived from root iṣ 'to send' with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

दुर्योधनमते (duryodhanamate) - aligned with Duryodhana's views (in Duryodhana's opinion, in Duryodhana's view)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhanamata

duryodhanamata - Duryodhana's opinion/view

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+mata)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')
  proper noun (masculine)
• mata – opinion, thought, doctrine, view
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root man 'to think, consider'.
  Root: man (class 4)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - being firmly aligned (situated, standing, being, firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, abiding

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā 'to stand'.

Root: sthā (class 1)