महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-4, verse-30

तामुवाच ततो माता सुतां सत्यवतीं तदा ।
पुत्रि मूर्ध्ना प्रपन्नायाः कुरुष्व वचनं मम ॥३०॥

30. tāmuvāca tato mātā sutāṁ satyavatīṁ tadā ,
putri mūrdhnā prapannāyāḥ kuruṣva vacanaṁ mama.

30. tām uvāca tataḥ mātā sutām satyavatīm tadā
putri mūrdhnā prapannāyāḥ kuruṣva vacanam mama

30. tadā tataḥ mātā tām sutām satyavatīm uvāca: "putri,
mūrdhnā prapannāyāḥ mama vacanam kuruṣva.
"

30. Then the mother said to her daughter Satyavati: 'O daughter, you who have humbly approached, accept my command with bowed head (mūrdhnā).'

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (Satyavati) (her, that (feminine))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• माता (mātā) - mother

• सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

• सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Satyavati (proper name)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with bowed head (with the head)

• प्रपन्नायाः (prapannāyāḥ) - of you who have humbly approached (or prostrated) (of one who has approached (for refuge), of one who has prostrated)

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - follow, obey (do, perform, make, follow)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - command (word, speech, command, instruction)

• मम (mama) - my, of me

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (Satyavati) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular perfect active from root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter

Note: Object in apposition to 'tām' and 'satyavatīm'.

सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Satyavati (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satyavatī

satyavatī - Satyavati (a proper noun, name of a princess, wife of Ṛcīka)

Note: Object in apposition to 'tām' and 'sutām'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पुत्रि (putri) - O daughter

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of putrī

putrī - daughter

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with bowed head (with the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head

Note: Denotes the means or manner of acceptance.

प्रपन्नायाः (prapannāyāḥ) - of you who have humbly approached (or prostrated) (of one who has approached (for refuge), of one who has prostrated)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of prapanna

prapanna - come, arrived, approached; taken refuge with; prostrate, humble

Past Passive Participle

from root pad with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used substantively here, describing the daughter as one who has taken a posture of humility or reverence.

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - follow, obey (do, perform, make, follow)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular imperative middle voice from root kṛ (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वचनम् (vacanam) - command (word, speech, command, instruction)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, command, instruction

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kuruṣva'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (1st person pronoun)

Note: Possessive, modifies 'vacanam'.