महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-4, verse-18

तत्तदा गाधये तात सहस्रं वाजिनां शुभम् ।
ऋचीकः प्रददौ प्रीतः शुल्कार्थं जपतां वरः ॥१८॥

18. tattadā gādhaye tāta sahasraṁ vājināṁ śubham ,
ṛcīkaḥ pradadau prītaḥ śulkārthaṁ japatāṁ varaḥ.

18. tat tadā gādhaye tāta sahasram vājinām śubham
ṛcīkaḥ pradadau prītaḥ śulkārtham japatām varaḥ

18. tāta tadā prītaḥ japatām varaḥ ṛcīkaḥ gādhaye
śulkārtham tat śubham vājinām sahasram pradadau

18. Then, dear son, Ṛcīka, pleased and foremost among those who recite sacred texts, gave those thousand beautiful horses to Gādhi as a bride-price.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - those (horses) (that, it)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• गाधये (gādhaye) - to Gādhi (father of Satyavatī)

• तात (tāta) - used by the narrator, addressing the listener as 'dear son' or 'dear one' (dear one, father, son, an address of affection)

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand horses (a thousand)

• वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses

• शुभम् (śubham) - beautiful horses (auspicious, beautiful, good, pure)

• ऋचीकः (ṛcīkaḥ) - Ṛcīka (a sage)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave, offered

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

• शुल्कार्थम् (śulkārtham) - for the sake of the bride-price, as a bride-price

• जपताम् (japatām) - of those who are chanting/reciting

• वरः (varaḥ) - the best among those who chant (Ṛcīka) (best, excellent, boon, suitor)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - those (horses) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

गाधये (gādhaye) - to Gādhi (father of Satyavatī)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of gādhi

gādhi - name of a king, father of Satyavatī

तात (tāta) - used by the narrator, addressing the listener as 'dear son' or 'dear one' (dear one, father, son, an address of affection)

(indeclinable)

Note: Vocative address

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand horses (a thousand)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - a thousand

वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - a horse, a swift one, powerful

शुभम् (śubham) - beautiful horses (auspicious, beautiful, good, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, bright, good

ऋचीकः (ṛcīkaḥ) - Ṛcīka (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛcīka

ṛcīka - name of a sage, father of Jamadagni

प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave, offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, glad, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

from root prī

Root: prī (class 4)

शुल्कार्थम् (śulkārtham) - for the sake of the bride-price, as a bride-price

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śulkārtha

śulkārtha - for the sake of the bride-price

Compound type : tatpurusha (śulka+artha)

• śulka – bride-price, toll, tax
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

जपताम् (japatām) - of those who are chanting/reciting

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of japat

japat - chanting, muttering prayers

Present Active Participle

from root jap

Root: jap (class 1)

वरः (varaḥ) - the best among those who chant (Ṛcīka) (best, excellent, boon, suitor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent; a boon; a suitor